新高考背景下社会支持系统如何影响学生的学业表现——基于14个省份高考改革的实证数据分析

How Social Support Systems Affect Students' Learning Performance in New College Entrance Examination:An Empirical Analysis Based on 14 Provinces Reforming the College Entrance Examination

学生学业表现是衡量学生发展和评价教育制度系统的重要依据。围绕学生学业表现,基于社会支持理论和公平理论构建的整合模型,实证考察社会支持系统的作用机制,以审视新高考的育人功能以及公平性价值。通过对全国13 749名经历过新高考大学生的调查研究发现:与传统社会支持理论不同,在新高考系统中,仅学校支持对学生学业表现产生直接的正向影响,家庭支持和朋辈支持的直接作用不显著,但公平感知与学习投入发挥着重要的中介作用。另外,链式中介作用进一步证明了公平感知的教育价值。在新高考全面推进阶段,需要继续推动改革相关配套机制的完善,关注学校系统的差异性;重视学校支持、家庭支持和朋辈支持资源的互动并释放更多的公平信号。

Learning performance is the key to measure student development and evaluate the education system.Based on the theoretical perspective of social support,the study empirically constructs the mechanism model of social support system on learning performance to examine the fairness value of the new college entrance examination elective system.Through the investigation of 13 749 college students who have experienced the new college entrance examination,the results show that different from the traditional social support theory,only school support has a direct positive influence on learning performance in the new college entrance examination system.Although the direct effect of family support and peer support is not significant,perceived fairness and student engagement play an important intermediary role in the three support systems for students' learning performance.In addition,the chain mediated effect further proves the educational value of fairness perception.Therefore,in the comprehensive promotion stage of the new college entrance examination,it is necessary to continuously promote the improvement of the reform-related supporting mechanisms and emphasize the characteristics in the school system;attach importance to the multiple interaction of school support,family support and peer support resources;release more fairness signals.