数据权利束:元宇宙空间权保护的新可能——兼与程金华、张豪商榷

Bundle of Data Rights:A New Possibility to Protect the Space Right in the Metaverse——Discussion with Cheng Jinhua and Zhang Hao

随着元宇宙相关产业的发展,如何高质量地开发元宇宙空间,成为学界和业界共同关注的重要议题,而元宇宙空间权也在此背景下日益受到重视。对此,程金华、张豪曾撰文指出,要以“准物权”模式解决元宇宙中的空间权益冲突,这在一定程度上为弥合虚拟和现实间的空间权利分歧提供了理论参考。但需要指出的是,元宇宙空间权并非单数概念,其权利结构具有典型的复合性特征。目前元宇宙空间权所涉及的公共利益、数据安全、个人隐私、相邻权等方面的矛盾和风险日益突出;而以程文为代表的,诉诸传统部门法理论的保护模式,虽关注到了元宇宙空间权保护的不同侧面,但难以实现对元宇宙空间权整全意义上的保护。对此,应该看到元宇宙构成的数据性这一底层逻辑,以数据权利束为基础探索元宇宙空间权综合保护体系,以充分推进元宇宙空间的有效开发和利用。

With the development of the Metaverse industry,the high-quality development of Metaverse space has become an important issue of common concern for academia and industry.In this context,the concept of Metaverse space rights has gained increasing attention.Cheng Jinhua and Zhang Hao proposed the concept of “quasi-property rights” as a means to resolve conflicts of space rights and interests in the Metaverse,providing a theoretical reference for bridging the gap between virtual and real space rights.However,it should be noted that Metaverse space rights are not a singular concept and exhibit complex characteristics.Currently,conflicts and risks related to public interests,data security,personal privacy,and neighboring rights in the Metaverse space are becoming increasingly prominent.While Cheng Jinhua and Zhang Hao's protection model,based on traditional legal theories,addresses different aspects of Metaverse space rights protection,it falls short in providing comprehensive protection for Metaverse space rights.Therefore,it is important to recognize the underlying data-driven nature of the Metaverse and explore a comprehensive protection system for Metaverse space rights based on bundle of data rights.This will contribute to the effective development and utilization of the Metaverse space.