Box-Behnken优化超声提取刺五加多糖及对育肥猪生产性能、免疫功能及抗氧化功能的影响

Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide by Box-Behnken and its effects on growth performance,immune function and antioxidant function of finishing pigs

为探究超声波辅助提取刺五加多糖最佳工艺及刺五加多糖对育肥猪生产性能的影响,本试验采用BoxBenhnken方法进行响应面分析最佳提取工艺,并研究其对育肥猪末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比,血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化性(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)、免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-10、核转录因子κB含量的影响。选取体重相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪48头,随机分4组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头,对照组饲喂育肥猪基础日粮,试验1组饲喂基础日粮+刺五加多糖250 mg/kg,试验2组饲喂基础日粮+刺五加多糖300 mg/kg,饲喂42 d。结果表明:在料液比1:30 g/mL、提取时间51 min和提取温度55℃时能够显著提高刺五加多糖提取率,达到8.23%与预测值相差0.08%(P> 0.05);试验2组与对照组相比平均日采食量提高7.05%、末重显著提高12.54%(P <0.05),试验1组、试验2组与对照组相比平均日增重提高16.98%、33.96%(P <0.05),料重比降低13.84%、20.22%(P <0.05);试验2组血清GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC的含量与对照组相比均显著提高(P <0.05),MDA含量显著降低26.24%(P <0.05);试验1组、试验2组猪血清免疫指标IgG、IgA、IgM含量与对照组相比显著提高(P <0.05),IL-1与NF-κB差异不显著(P> 0.05),试验2组血清IL-10与对照组相比显著提高34.91%(P <0.05)。研究表明,Box-Behnken优化超声法提取刺五加多糖工艺可靠且稳定,在饲料中添加刺五加多糖能够提高育肥猪生产性能、提高抗氧功能与免疫功能。

In order to explore the optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide and the effect of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide on the growth performance of finishing pigs,Box-Benhnken method was used in the optimal extraction process based on response surface analysis to investigate the effects of terminal weight,average daily weight gain,average daily feed intake,feed weight ratio,serum glutathione peroxidase,total superoxide dismutase,total antioxidant activity,malondialdehyde,immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,immunoglobulin M,interleukin-1,interleukin-10,and nuclear transcription factorκB content of finishing pigs.Forty-eight fattening pigs of similar body weight from the"Du×Chang×Da"three-way hybrid were randomly divided into four groups,with three replicates in each group and four pigs in each replicate.The control group was fed with the basic diet for fattening pigs,while the experimental group 1 was fed with the basic diet+acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide 250 mg/kg,and the experimental groups 2 were fed with the basic diet+acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide 300 mg/kg,for 42 days.The results showed that under the conditions of solid-liquid ratio 1:30 g/mL,extraction time 51 min and extraction temperature 55℃,the extraction rate of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide could be significantly increased to 8.23%,which was 0.08%different from the predicted value(P>0.05);Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake was increased by 7.05%and the end weight was increased by 12.54%in group 2(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the average daily weight gains of group 1 and group 2 were increased by 16.98%and 33.96%(P<0.05),and the feed/weight ratio was decreased by 13.84%and 20.22%(P<0.05);Compared with the control group,the levels of serum GSH-Px,T-SOD and T-AOC in experimental group 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).The MDA content was significantly reduced by 26.24%(P<0.05);Compared with the control group,the levels of serum immune indexes such as IgG,IgA and IgM were significantly increased in groups 1 and 2(P<0.05),while the differences between IL-1 and NF-κB were not significant(P>0.05).The serum IL-10 of group 2 was increased by 34.91%compared with the control group(P<0.05).The results indicated that the optimal ultrasonic extraction process of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide by Box-Behnken was reliable and stable.The addition of acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide in the feed could improve the production performance,antioxidant function and immune function of finishing pigs.