局部血流动力学对颈动脉粥样硬化的影响及其在临床中应用的研究进展

Research progress on the influence of local hemodynamics on carotid atherosclerosis

动脉粥样硬化的形成原因多样且复杂,而其作为一种全身的系统性疾病却拥有病灶选择性的特点,即好发于颈动脉分叉处,这种特点使大量研究发现该处的局部血流动力学特征对本疾病的发生具有重大影响。本文围绕颈动脉分叉处的局部血流动力学相关研究进行综述,将局部血流动力学相关参数进行整理和总结,并在其中着重对壁面剪切力以及其衍生参数在颈动脉粥样硬化的产生、进展和破裂中的影响进行综述,以期为颈动脉斑块破裂的预警提供力学方面的信息,同时本文叙述了局部血流动力学研究在颈动脉粥样硬化疾病临床应用的转化,以期为该病在临床中的治疗提供个性化的选择和依据。

The reasons for the formation of atherosclerosis are diverse and complex,and atherosclerosis as a kind of systemic disease has the characteristics of focal selectivity,which occurs in the carotid bifurcation.The feature enables a large number of studies have found that the severe local hemodynamic characteristics has a great influence to the occurrence of this disease.This paper briefly reviews the related research on the local hemodynamics of carotid bifurcation.The relevant parameters of local hemodynamics were sorted out and summarized,and the effects of wall shear force and its derived parameters on the generation,progression and rupture of carotid atherosclerosis and their clinical applications were reviewed,in order to provide mechanical information for the early warning of carotid plaque rupture.At the same time,this paper describes the transformation of local hemodynam‐ics research in the clinical application of carotid atherosclerosis disease,in order to provide personalized selection and basis for the clinical treatment of this disease.