不同矢状骨面型颞下颌关节形态的研究进展

Progress in morphology of temporomandibular joints in different sagittal skeletal patterns

颞下颌关节作为口颌面部最重要的关节,其形态结构和生理功能对于正畸、修复及咬合重建、正颌治疗结果的长期稳定性具有重要意义。颞下颌关节的形态特征受到颅颌面解剖结构、矢状向和垂直向骨面型、牙列咬合与咀嚼肌功能等多因素的影响。近年来,由于口腔修复及正畸治疗理念和影像学技术的提升,探究不同矢状骨面型间颞下颌关节形态差异的研究日益增多,但结果存在一定差异,且缺乏归纳与总结,导致目前尚无统一定论。该文从关节窝及髁突的位置和形态方面分别归纳,对不同矢状骨面型与颞下颌关节形态之间的关系进行综述,分析各研究间的差异,以期进一步明确不同矢状骨面型与颞下颌关节形态特征之间的关系。

The temporomandibular joint(TMJ)is the most important oral-maxillo-facial joint.Its morphological structure and physiological function are of great significance on long-term stability of treatment results for orthodontics,prosthodontics,occlusal reconstruction,and orthognathic patients.The morphological characteristics of TMJ are affected by many factors,including the cranio-maxillo-facial anatomy,sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns,occlusion of dentition,and function of masticatory muscle.In recent years,due to the improvement of prosthodontic and orthodontic treatment concepts and imaging technology,studies on the distinction of TMJ morphology among different sagittal skeletal patterns have increased.However,there are some differences in the results,and there is a lack of review and summary,leading to no definite conclusions at present.This article aims to summarize the relationship between TMJ morphology and sagittal skeletal patterns from the view of position and morphology of the glenoid fossa and condyle,and analyze the differences among various studies,hoping to further clarify the relationship between different sagittal skeletal patterns and the TMJ morphological characteristics.