天津市跨性别女性新型毒品使用现状与影响因素分析

Status quo and influencing factors of new psychoactive substances abuse among transgender women in Tianjin

目的 了解天津市跨性别女性(transgender women,TGW)人群新型毒品使用现状和影响因素,为制定相关防控策略提供依据。方法 本研究在2019年7月—2021年9月通过与社会组织合作,在娱乐场所和网络招募TGW人群,并填写匿名调查问卷,收集一般人口学信息、近3个月性行为和近6个月新型毒品使用情况进行分析。结果 本研究共招募483例跨性别女性,近6个月有46.17%的TGW使用过新型毒品,使用最多的是Rush poppers,有219例(98.21%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄<30岁(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.08~2.52);大专及以上学历(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.27~5.31);人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)自评感染风险为中风险(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.08~2.51)和高风险(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.10~4.88);首次性行为年龄<18岁(OR=2.83, 95%CI:1.84~4.35);性取向为同性(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.02~4.63);最近1个月与男性肛交/口交的次数≥2次(OR=2.76,95%CI:1.75~4.36)的TGW使用新型毒品的风险更高。结论 天津市TGW使用新型毒品比例较高,在HIV自评感染中高风险人群和近期多次同性肛交/口交人群中加强艾滋病防治和禁毒宣教,在学生群体中加强新型毒品警示性教育,在从事商业性行为TGW中推广暴露前和暴露后用药。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of new psychoactive substances(NPS) abuse among transgender women(TGW) in Tianjin, so as to inform prevention and control of drug use.Methods TGW were recruited in entertainment venues and online from July 2019 to September 2021 through cooperation with social organizations, and surveyed using anonymous questionnaires. General demographic information, sexual behavior in the past 3 months and use of NPS in the past 6 months were collected for analysis.Results A total of 483 TGW were recruited in this study. 46. 17% of them reported having used NPS in the past 6 months, most of whom(219/233, 98. 21%) used Rush Poppers. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that people under 30 years old(OR=1. 65, 95%CI: 1. 08-2. 52), with college degree or above(OR=2. 60, 95%CI: 1. 27-5. 31), self-assessed as at medium risk(OR=1. 65, 95%CI: 1. 08-2. 51) or high risk of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection(OR=2. 31, 95%CI: 1. 10-4. 88), having had first sexual intercourseat under 18 years old(OR=2. 83, 95%CI:1. 84-4. 35), being homosexual(OR=2. 17, 95%CI: 1. 02-4. 63), and having had anal or oral sex with men no less than twice in the prior month(OR=2. 76, 95%CI:1. 75-4. 36) had a higher risk of NPS abuse. Conclusions NPS abuse is prevalent among TGW in Tianjin. Prevention and control for HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and education against drug abuse should be strengthened among populations who are at medium-to-high self-reported risk of HIV infection and those who have recently had multiple homosexual anal or oral sex. Warning education against NPS abuse should be emphasized in students. Pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis should be promoted in TGW sex workers.