2021年青岛市新发现HIV感染者和艾滋病患者晚发现及治疗情况分析

Analysis of late-diagnosis and treatment of newly detected HIV/AIDS cases in Qingdao, 2021

目的 分析2021年青岛市不同样本来源人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者/艾滋病患者新发现病例的晚发现情况和治疗情况。方法 通过“国家艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统”收集2021年青岛市新发现HIV感染者/艾滋病患者的基本信息、首次CD4值和治疗情况,对晚发现、快速抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)比例进行评估。结果 2021年共报告新发病例534例,通过医院、青岛市和其他区(市)疾病预防控制中心(Center for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC)和社会组织发现的HIV感染者/艾滋病患者中晚发现比例分别为46.15%、29.30%和11.11%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=46.24,P<0.01)。医院、CDC和社会组织发现病例启动治疗的比例分别为86.92%、91.08%、96.58%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.73,P=0.01);在启动治疗的患者中,医院、CDC和社会组织发现病例的ART率分别为63.27%、72.73%、90.27%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.48,P<0.01)。结论 社会组织在艾滋病防治工作中起重要作用,不仅可早期发现HIV感染者和艾滋病患者,也利于患者及时接受治疗。

Objective To analyze the status of late-dignosis and treatment among the newly detected human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) cases from different sources in Qingdao in 2021. Methods The basic information, initial CD4 value and treatment status of newly detected HIV/AIDS cases in Qingdao in 2021 were collected via the National HIV/AIDS comprohensive information system. The proportion of late-diagnosed cases and that of cases receiving rapid antiretroviral therapy(ART)were estimated. Results A total of 534 new cases were reported in 2021. Among cases detected in hospitals,Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) and community-basedl organizations, the late-diagnose propotions were 46. 15%, 29. 30% and 11. 11%, respectively, with statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=46. 24, P<0. 01);the propotions initiating treatment were 86. 92%, 91. 08% and 96. 58%, respectively, with statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=8. 73, P=0. 01);and the propotions receiving ART were 63. 27%,72. 73% and 90. 27%, respectively, also statistically siginificantly different(χ^(2)=27. 48, P<0. 01).Conclusions Social organizations play an important role in the prevention and treatment of AIDS, by not only promoting early detection of HIV/AIDS but also facilitating timely treatment.