儿童青少年欺凌行为与冷酷无情、共情的关系:交叉滞后分析

The Relationship between Children and Adolescent's Bullying Behavior and Callous-unemotional Traits and Empathy:A Cross-lagged Analysis

以1233名3、4、7年级学生作为被试(平均年龄为10.92±1.70岁,男生623人),采用间隔一年两时间点的追踪设计,通过潜变量交叉滞后模型对欺凌行为与冷酷无情、共情间关系进行考察。结果发现:(1)欺凌行为与冷酷无情显著正相关,与认知共情、情感共情显著负相关;(2)先前冷酷无情显著正向预测随后欺凌行为,先前欺凌行为显著负向预测认知共情,共情对随后欺凌行为以及欺凌行为对冷酷无情预测均不显著;(3)欺凌行为与冷酷无情、共情间交叉滞后关系具有跨性别、跨年级阶段一致性。该研究结果提示,校园欺凌预防干预需要关注具有冷酷无情特质的学生,防止其欺凌他人;需对欺凌者实施干预以防止欺凌行为对共情发展的危害。

On a sample of 1233 students of grade 3,grade 4 and grade 7(Mean_(age)=10.92±1.70;623 boys)who were followed up for one year,the current study examined the bidirectional relationship between bullying,cal-lous-unemotional traits,and empathy by latent cross-lagged modeling.The results revealed that:(1)Bullying was positively correlated with callous-unemotional traits,and negatively correlated with cognitive empathy and emotional empathy;(2)Previous callous-unemotional traits positively predicted subsequent bullying,while previous bullying negatively predicted cognitive empathy,but empathy was not predictive of subsequent bullying,nor bullying predic-tive of subsequent callous-unemotional traits;(3)There were cross-gender consistency and cross-grade consistency in associations between bullying,callous-unemotional traits and empathy.The results indicated that in the process of prevention and intervention of school bullying,we should pay attention to student with callous-unemotional traits to prevent them from bullying others,and at the same time,interventions should be implemented to intervene the bullies from causing greater harm to the development of empathy.