古代文集编纂及文学观念的一次异变——王世贞创立“说部”的文学观念价值

A Mutation in the Compilation Concept of Ancient Literati's Collected Works and Literary Concepts——The Literary Conceptual Value of Wang Shizhen's Establishment of"Shuo Bu"

王世贞《弇州山人四部稿》创立“说部”,引起士大夫们的格外注意。目前学术界对“说部”的研究多侧重于目录学和文体学的价值,而对其所体现的文学观念新变缺乏足够重视。“说部”包含两大类内容:批评与学问。王世贞将此前处于辅助地位的杂考、诗话、札记等成果提高到与诗文创作成果等视的地位,突出“学问-批评”与文学创作关系的重要性,彰显其“文学创作”“学问-批评”双峰并峙以及学问、批评、创作三位一体的文学观念,使中国的文学学科思想更具结构的完整性。这一观念是中国古代文集编纂观念和文学思想演变过程的一次异变,对此后中国文学观念与文集编纂思想及实践产生了重要影响。

Wang Shizhen's Yanzhou Shanren Sibugao established"Shuo Bu",which attracted the special attention of the literati.At present,the academic research on"Shuo Bu"mostly focuses on the value of bibliography and stylistics,but lacks sufficient attention to the new changes in literary concepts it embodies.The"Shuo Bu"includes two main categories of content:criticism and knowledge.Wang Shizhen elevated the achievements of textual criticism,poetic discourse and reading notes reviews that were previously placed in an auxiliary position to a higher level compared to the achievements of poetic,highlighting the importance of the relationship between"knowledge criticism"and literary creation.It also highlights his concept of the joint development of"literary creation"and"knowledge criticism",as well as his literary concept of the trinity of knowledge,criticism,and creation,thus making Chinese literary discipline ideology more structurally complete.This concept is a mutation in the evolution process of the concept of compiling ancient Chinese literary collections and literary history ideas,which has had a significant impact on the subsequent Chinese literary concepts,ideas and practices of compiling literary collections.