体外药物敏感性实验在肺癌治疗中的研究现状

Research status of drug sensitivity test in vitro in the treatment of lung cancer

肺癌是威胁人类健康的一大“杀手”,目前现有的治疗手段难以满足临床需求。化疗是肺癌非手术治疗中最常用的手段,然而由于肿瘤异质性的普遍存在,肿瘤多药耐药和治疗失败的案例比比皆是。为了避免化疗的盲目性,并提高化疗的有效率,基于体外药敏实验的肿瘤个体化治疗方法应运而生。国内外已广泛开展了一系列临床实验,证实体外药敏实验对于肿瘤个体化治疗具有重要的指导意义。本文重新梳理了当下最为热门及传统常用的几种肿瘤药敏实验方法,并着重介绍了基于类器官、患者来源的肿瘤细胞群、微流控芯片、高通量药敏检测技术及类器官芯片等的新兴体外药物敏感性检测方法,以期更全面、更深入地了解体外药敏实验在肺癌治疗中的最新研究进展。

Lung cancer is a major"killer"that threatens human health,and the current treatment methods cannot meet the clinical needs.Chemotherapy is the most commonly used method for non-surgical treatment of lung cancer.However,due to substantial genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity across individuals,cases of tumor multidrug resistance and treatment failure happen commonly.In order to avoid the blindness of chemotherapy and improve the efficiency of chemotherapy,personalised medicine based on in vitro drug sensitivity assay have emerged.A series of clinical trials have been carried out confirming that in vitro drug sensitivity testing has important guiding significance for individualized treatment of cancer.In this paper,several of the most commonly used anti-cancer drug sensitivity testing methods are reviewed,including the emerging methods based on organoids,PTCs,microfluidic chips,HDS and organoid chips.This review is aimed at evaluating the latest research progress of in vitro drug sensitivity test in lung cancer.