内镜治疗远端恶性胆道梗阻的现状

Current status of endoscopic treatment of distal malignant biliary obstruction

由于远端恶性胆道梗阻症状的隐匿性和肿瘤较强的侵袭能力,当发现胆道梗阻时患者往往错过了最佳的外科手术时机,以提高生活质量为目的的姑息治疗成为目前主流的治疗方式。随着内镜技术和支架技术的发展,新型支架及内镜技术在姑息治疗的应用越来越多。作者就内镜下姑息治疗的优势、操作方法、支架选择、相关并发症及最新内镜下治疗方式等方面作一综述。

Because of the concealment of the symptoms of distal malignant biliary obstruction and the strong invasive ability of the tumor,patients often miss the best surgical opportunity when biliary obstruction is found.Palliative treatment for the purpose of improving the quality of life has become the mainstream treatment at present.With the development of endoscopic technology and stent technology,new stents and endoscopic techniques are used more and more in palliative treatment.The authors reviewed the advantages,operating methods,stent selection,related complications and the latest endoscopic treatment methods of endoscopic palliative treatment.