温度、测度、制度:中国营商环境治理结构及其调试

Temperature,Measurement,and Institution:The Governance Structure and Debugging of China's Business

营商环境作为影响企业生产经营活动的关键稳定性因素,已成为各级政府提升经济治理水平的重要突破口。营商环境治理结构作为政党、市场和社会组织等主体间关系在治理过程中呈现的制度化权力安排与互动模式,有效搭建起微观组织与宏观制度的桥梁。本文基于认知层面、工具层面、规范层面构建“温度-测度-制度”中国营商环境治理结构的分析框架,即强化“懂商、利商、敬商”的价值管理,超越治理结构“管理主义”的价值困境;优化“因时、因地、因事”的评价指标,避免陷入“技术乌托邦”的工具困境;健全“约束、激励、保障”的制度体系,营造良性治理生态。营商环境治理采取先易后难、增量改革、实验改革的渐进方式,既体现经济现代化和市场经济发展的一般规律,又反映中国特殊制度、国情和历史阶段的要求,其治理结构为理解中国经济治理模式提供新的理论视角。

The business environment,as a key stability factor affecting the production and operation activities of enterprises,has become an important breakthrough for governments at all levels to improve their economic governance level.Previous studies have focused on flat exploration from the perspectives of macro environment and micro organization,lacking academic investigation on the coupling and linkage between internal and external environments of organizations.The governance structure of the business environment is an institutionalized power arrangement and interactive model presented in the governance process between political parties,markets,and social organizations,effectively building a bridge between micro organizations and macro systems.This'article constructs an analytical framework for the"temperature measurement system"governance structure of China's business environment based on cognitive,instrumental,and normative levels,which aims to create a value concept of"understanding,benefiting,and respecting business"and transcend the value dilemma of"management oriented"governance structure;Optimize evaluation indicators based on time,location,and situation to avoid the tool dilemma of"technological utopia";Establish a sound institutional system of"constraints,incentives,and guarantees" to create a benign governance ecosystem.The governance of the business environment adopts a gradual approach of easy first,difficult later,incremental reform,and experimental reform,which not only reflects the general laws of economic modernization and market economy development,but also reflects the requirements of China's special system,national conditions,and historical stages.Its governance structure provides a new theoretical perspective for understanding China's economic governance model.