我国冬残奥运动员肩关节痛的风险因素分析

Risk Factors of Shoulder Pain in the Winter Paralympic Athletes

目的:分析我国冬季残疾人奥林匹克运动员肩关节疼痛的风险因素。方法:以2019年度流行病学调查中涉及的170名冬残奥运动员为研究对象,共有61名符合标准的运动员入选本研究,调查分析其伤病资料。按优势肩关节是否疼痛分组,其中28例疼痛阳性运动员归入肩痛组,33例疼痛阴性运动员归入无痛组。首先比较两组运动员年龄、性别、身体质量指数(BMI)、运动项目、是否为负重肩关节、肩峰肱骨距离(AHD)、冈上肌腱厚度是否存在显著性差异。然后利用二元多因素logistic回归进一步计算存在显著性差异变量的比值比(OR)及其95%的置信区间(CI),并最终明确导致本组运动员肩关节疼痛的风险因素。结果:两组运动员间年龄(P=0.004)、是否为负重肩关节(P<0.01)、运动项目(P=0.001)、优势肩冈上肌腱厚度(P<0.01)均存在显著性差异。二元多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:负重肩关节(OR=17.78,95%CI:3.69~85.56)、优势肩冈上肌腱厚度(OR=3.12,95%CI:1.03~9.48)均为导致冬残奥运动员肩关节痛的风险因素。结论:负重肩关节、冈上肌腱组织增生肥厚是冬残奥运动员肩关节痛的独立风险因素。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of shoulder pain among Chinese Winter Paralympic athletes.Methods Among 170 Chinese Winter Paralympic athletes undergoing the epidemiological survey in 2019,61 were selected and analyzed their injury condition.Twenty-eight athletes with dominant shoulder pain were selected into the shoulder pain group,while the other thirty-three athletes without shoulder pain were chosen into the no pain group.The age,gender,body mass index(BMI),sports,burden of the shoulder,acromio-humeral distance(AHD),and supraspinatus tendon thickness were compared between the two groups.Then,the risk factors of shoulder pain were assessed using the multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the average age(P=0.004),burden of the shoulder(P0.01),sports(P=0.001),and supraspinatus tendon thickness(P0.01).The multivariate logistic regression indicated that weight-bearing shoulder(OR=17.78,95%CI:3.69-85.56)and supraspinatus tendon thickness(OR=3.12,95%CI:1.03-9.48)were two risk factors of shoulder pain.Conclusion Weight-bearing shoulder and supraspinatus tendon hypertrophy are independent risk factors of shoulder pain among Winter Paralympic athletes.