全球治理制度的生成逻辑与中国角色

The Generating Logic of Global Governance System and China's Role

内部制度的形成往往是共同体(政府)来供给的,但由于国际社会的无政府状态,大部分情况下是各行为体协商并转让部分权利而形成的,其目的是从合作的国际共同体中获得更大的收益。当然,还有一部分则是一方面源于大国内部制度的外溢,另一方面则是弱小国家对既有制度的内化所致。但是,这两种情况所生成的制度都深深地打上了大国的烙印,导致国际制度公共产品的“私物化”现象。中国是全球治理的后来者,中国在全球治理制度生成中的角色,既不是制度的外溢者,也不是简单的内化者。中国参与全球治理进程是以中国的实力和能力为前提的。在全球治理制度生成过程中,中国是全球治理的“制度增殖者”,也是“利益外溢者”,还是全球治理制度的价值创新者。这三个方面彰显了中国在全球治理制度生成过程中独特的创新角色。

The formation of internal institutions is often supplied by the community(government),but the anarchy of the international community is mostly formed by the negotiation and transfer of some rights by various actors in order to obtain greater benefits from the cooperative international community.Of course,there is also a part that is caused by the spillover of the internal system of the big countries on the one hand and the internalization of the existing system by the weak and small countries on the other hand.However,the systems generated by these two situations are deeply marked with the brand of a big country,which will lead to"privatization"of public goods in the international system.China is the latecomer of global governance.China's role in the formation of the global governance system is neither an institutional spillover nor a simple one to internalize.China's participation in the process of global governance is based on China's strength and ability.In the process of the formation of the global governance system,China is not only the"institutional proliferator"of global governance,but also the"benefit spillover"and the value innovator of the global governance system.These three aspects highlight China's unique innovative role in the process of global governance system generation.