国家公园立法中环境公共利益的行政保护

Administrative Protection of Environmental Public Interests in National ParkLegislation

环境公共利益泛化和行政管理权异化已成为我国国家公园行政法治建设面临的两大挑战。国家公园自身价值的多重性、行政机关决策导向的不确定性是造成环境公共利益行政保护不力的重要原因。为了扭转这一窘况,在顶层设计层面,应以习近平生态文明思想为指导,坚持利益平衡原则,科学界定环境公共利益的内涵外延;在制度保障层面,应按照系统治理的要求,理顺行政监管体制,强化部门之间和地区之间的协同治理,完善规划管理制度,健全法治监督体系,优化检察公益诉讼和中央生态环境保护督察制度,从而在立法的主导和引领下,开创环境公共利益与其他正当利益协调共生的新格局。

In recent years,the generalization of environmental public interest and the alienation of administrative power have become two major challenges to the construction of administrative rule of law in national parks in China.The multiplicity of the value of national parks and the uncertainty of decision-making guidance of administrative organs are the important reasons for the ineffective administrative protection of environmental public interests.In order to reverse this dilemma,it is necessary to establish the guiding position of Xi Jinping thought of ecological civilization and the principle of balance of interests at the top level of design,and scientifically define the connotation and extension of environmental public interest.At the level of system guarantee,we should,in accordance with the requirements of systematic governance,straighten out the administrative supervision system,strengthen the cooperative governance between departments and regions,improve the planning management system,and improve the supervision system of the rule of law,optimize the procuratorial public interest litigation and the central ecological environment protection supervision system,so as to create a new pattern of coordination and coexistence of environmental public interests and other legitimate interests under the guidance of legislation.