环境责任清单的规范进路

The Normative Approach of Environmental Responsibility List

基于整体性生态环境保护的客观要求,以及生态文明建设的长远需要,我国应当建立并完善环境责任清单制度。目前的环境责任清单制度存在编制颁行主体正当性不足、编制依据失序化风险及编制内容结构欠缺等问题。厘定环境责任清单性质和功能对于上述问题的解决具有决定性意义。环境责任清单是一类特殊的公权力自治规范,它具有约束、整合功能。环境责任清单颁行主体正当性应当以事后备案审查方式得以有效补强。需要对环境责任清单编制依据之范围实施必要限缩,对“地方实际需要”实施再规制的路径在于及时将其转化为地方性法规、地方规章等。环境责任清单内容结构完善包括定责、追责和免责的一体化及联动性。环境责任清单制度规范化发展有助于加密“用最严密制度、最严格法治保护生态环境”之网。

Based on the objective requirements of overall eco-environmental protection and the long-term needs of the construction of ecological civilization,China should establish and improve the environmental responsibility list system.There are some problems in the environmental responsibility list system,such as the lack of legitimacy of the issuing subject,the risk of disorder and the lack of content structure,and so on.Determining the nature and function of the environmental responsibility list is of decisive significance to solve the above problems.Environmental responsibility list is a kind of special autonomy norm of public power,which has the function of restraint and integration.The legitimacy of the issuing subject of the environmental responsibility list should be effectively strengthened by the way of filing and examination afterwards.It is necessary to limit the scope of the environmental responsibility list,and the approach to re-regulate the"local actual needs"is to transform it into local laws and regulations in time.The improvement of the content and structure of the environmental responsibility list includes the integration and linkage of responsibility,liability and exemption.The standardized development of the environmental responsibility list system is helpful to encrypt the net of"protecting the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law".