量子计算云平台的架构与发展

Architecture and development of quantum computing cloud platform

量子计算机软硬件尚不成熟,环境要求严苛,运维成本高,无法满足个人用户本地部署的要求,而云平台已成为量子计算科普教育、算法开发以及应用创新的试验床。在介绍量子计算云平台国内外发展现状及其服务模式分类的基础上,总结提出通用功能架构模型,进一步分析量子计算云平台发展前景,并针对面临的主要挑战提出未来发展建议。

Software and hardware of quantum computer are still immature,which can hardly meet the requirements of local deployment for individual users due to strict environment requirements and high operation and maintenance costs.The cloud platform has become an ideal test bed for quantum computing science popularization,algorithm development,and application innovation.Based on the current development status and service mode classification of typical quantum computing cloud platforms,a universal functional architecture model is proposed.The analysis on the prospects of quantum computing platforms is conducted,and suggestions for future development to overcome main challenges are also discussed.