2017年—2022年南通市副溶血性弧菌污染状况分析

Analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination in Nantong City from 2017 to 2020

目的了解南通市售水产品中副溶血性弧菌的污染分布状况,水产品和食源性腹泻病例中分离到的副溶血性弧菌毒力基因检测情况,及早发现水产品中潜在的风险隐患,为风险预警和行业管理提供科学的数据支撑。方法对水产品及食源性腹泻病例粪便进行副溶血性弧菌的分离、鉴定;应用荧光定量PCR方法检测基因tlh、tdh、trh。结果2017年—2022年总检出率为22.05%,不同样品种类、性质和食用方式的样品间副溶血弧菌检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年份、采样环节、采样时间的样品之间副溶血弧菌检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从水产品中分离出的副溶血性弧菌均检出tlh基因,未检测到tdh、trh基因;食源性疾病暴发病例中分离出的31株副溶血性弧菌,tlh、tdh、trh基因检出率分别为100.00%、83.87%、3.23%。结论南通市水产品中副溶血性弧菌污染较普遍且检出率较高,建议规范水产品养殖、经营,加强流通及餐饮环节监测,做好卫生宣教,引导广大市民养成良好的饮食习惯,谨防食源性疾病的发生。

Objective This study aims to understand the contamination and distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products sold in Nantong City and the detection of virulence genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from aquatic products and foodborne diarrhea cases,so as to detect potential risks in aquatic products as early as possible and provide scientific data support for early warning and industry management.Methods Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated and identified from the feces of aquatic products and foodborne diarrhea cases;the genes tlh,tdh and trh were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results The total detection rate from 2017 to 2022 was 22.05%.There was no statistical significance on the differences in the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus between sample types,properties and food preparation methods(P>0.05);there was statistical significance on the differences in the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus between samples of different years,sampling procedures and sampling times(P<0.05).The tlh gene was detected in all the Vibrio parahaemolyticus isola⁃ted from aquatic products,but tdh and trh genes were not detected;in 31 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from food⁃borne disease outbreaks,the tlh,tdh,and trh genes were detected,and the detection rates were 100.00%,83.87%,and 3.23%,respectively.Conclusion Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination in aquatic products in Nantong City is common and the detection rate is high.It is recommended to standardize the breeding and management of aquatic products,strengthen the monitoring of circulation and catering links,promote hygiene education,guide the general public to develop good diet habits,and prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.