腭裂手术模拟训练的研究进展

Research progress on surgical training with simulator for cleft palate

腭裂是常见的颌面部先天性发育缺陷,表现为腭部组织结构的不连续性,导致食物反流、发音不清、听力受损等问题,严重影响患者的生存质量。目前,手术治疗是腭裂的主要治疗手段,是颌面外科最重要的一类手术。然而,腭裂手术复杂、手术视野范围小,给手术观摩和学习带来了极大的挑战,且初学者很难在真人患者上进行训练。因此,需要腭裂手术模拟训练帮助口腔医学生了解腭裂的病理结构,掌握腭裂手术流程和手术技法。本文将对目前的腭裂手术模拟器做一综述,旨在为临床上腭裂手术教学和训练提供参考。

Cleft palate is a common congenital developmental malformation of the maxillofacial region,manifested by defect of the palate,leading to problems such as food reflux,unclear pronunciation and impaired hearing,which seriously affect the life quality of patients.Currently,surgery is the main treatment for cleft palate,which maxillofacial surgeons should master skillfully.However,the complexity of the surgery and the narrow field of view makes it extremely challenging to observe and learn.In addition,there are fewer opportunities for medical students to operate on patients.Therefore,surgery simulators for the cleft palate are needed to help medical students understand the pathological structure of the cleft palate and master the surgery procedures and surgical techniques.This review aims to introduce the current simulators for cleft palate surgery to provide a reference for clinical teaching and training in cleft palate surgery.