唇腭裂新生儿术前鼻-牙槽塑形的数字化研究进展

Research progress on digital applications of presurgical nasoalveolar molding for infants with cleft lip and palate

唇腭裂(Cleft lip and palate,CL/P)是口腔颅颌面部最常见的出生缺陷,严重影响患者的外貌和口颌系统功能。完全性唇腭裂(Complete cleft lip and palate,CCL/P)是唇腭裂中表型最为严重的亚型之一。唇腭裂新生儿术前鼻-牙槽塑形(Presurgical nasoalveolar molding,PNAM)是唇腭裂序列治疗的重要组成部分,也是目前针对完全性单侧或双侧唇腭裂术前正畸所采用的重要技术手段,通过术前鼻-牙槽塑形在一定程度上纠正唇腭裂新生儿的唇、鼻、牙槽突及颌骨畸形,为手术修复创造条件,降低手术难度,提高术后美观效果。随着计算机技术的进步与发展,计算机辅助设计和模拟与三维打印(three-dimensional printing,3D printing)技术也逐渐被引入唇腭裂新生儿的术前鼻-牙槽塑形的治疗当中。本文针对唇腭裂新生儿术前鼻-牙槽塑形近年的数字化研究进展做如下综述。

Cleft lip and/or palate(CL/P)is the most common disorder in the oral,and maxillofacial region,which significantly affects the appearance and function of the oral system in infants.Complete cleft lip and palate(CCLP)is one of the most severe phenotypes of CL/P.Presurgical nasoalveolar molding(PNAM)is an important part of the sequence of treatments for infants with cleft lip and palate and is currently a crucial technique adopted for presurgical orthodontic treatment in infants with unilateral or bilateral CCLP.PNAM can reshape the nose,alveolar bones,and lips to a certain extent and creates the conditions for surgical repair,reduces surgical complexity,and improves postoperative aesthetic outcomes.With the advancements in computer technology,computer-aided design,and 3D printing technology have been gradually introduced into the treatment of PNAM in infants with cleft lip and palate.Here,we summarize the recent research progress in the digital application of PNAM in infants with cleft palate and lip.