溶菌酶的生物学功能与作用机制及其在畜禽绿色生产中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Function and Mechanisms of Lysozyme and Its Application in Green Production of Livestock and Poultry

溶菌酶是一种广泛存在于机体生物组织、细胞和体液中的碱性球蛋白,具有天然生物活性。其作为一种新型绿色酶制剂,具有抗病毒、抗炎和免疫调节等多重生物学功能,通过化学、物理、生物改性等方法对溶菌酶进行分子修饰,进一步加强了其抑菌能力和免疫效能,并且在食品、医药领域得到广泛应用。在畜牧养殖中,溶菌酶也已成为“减抗替抗”背景下重要的绿色饲用添加剂,在畜禽健康尤其是胃肠道健康以及畜产品安全方面发挥了重要作用。本文就溶菌酶的理化性质、生物学功能与作用机制及其在畜禽绿色生产中的应用研究进行综述,旨在为推动溶菌酶的开发和利用提供理论依据和参考。

Lysozyme,an alkaline globulin,widely exists in biological tissues,cells and body fluids of the body and exhibits natural biological activity.As a new type of green enzyme preparation,it possesses multiple biological functions including antiviral,anti⁃inflammatory and immune regulation.Molecular modification of lysozyme by chemical,physical and biological methods has further enhanced its bacteriostasis and immune effi⁃cacy,of which has been widely used in the field of food and medicine.In animal husbandry,lysozyme has al⁃so become an important green feed additive under the background of“forbidden of antibiotic”,and has played an important role in the health of livestock and poultry,especially the gastrointestinal health and the safety of livestock products.In this paper,the physical and chemical properties,biological functions and mechanisms of lysozyme and its application in the green production of livestock and poultry were reviewed in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for promoting the development and utilization of lysozyme.