大麦虫粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标和激素水平的影响

Effects of Zophobas morio Meal on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Hormone Levels of Finishing Pigs

本研究旨在探讨添加大麦虫粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标和激素水平的影响,为新型蛋白质饲料的开发利用提供参考依据。选择体重相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪96头,随机分为4组,即对照组(基础饲粮)、试验Ⅰ组(含3%大麦虫粉饲粮)、试验Ⅱ组(含5%大麦虫粉饲粮)、试验Ⅲ组(含8%大麦虫粉饲粮),每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)各试验组育肥猪平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但试验Ⅱ组生长性能指标最佳。2)试验Ⅱ组育肥猪血清总蛋白、球蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清尿酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组血清葡萄糖、白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮、总胆汁酸、总胆红素、甘油三酯和胆固醇含量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)试验Ⅱ组育肥猪血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各组间血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸、甲状腺素、胰高血糖素和胰岛素水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组单位增重饲料成本最低,每千克增重饲料成本减少了0.52元。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮添加5%大麦虫粉对育肥猪的生长性能无负面影响,可促进育肥猪机体的蛋白质代谢,提高血清中胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ水平,并能降低育肥猪单位增重饲料成本,说明大麦虫粉可作为优质蛋白质原料应用于育肥猪生产。

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Zophobas morio meal on the growth perform⁃ance,serum biochemical indices and hormone levels of finishing pigs,and to provide a reference basis for the development and utilization of new protein feed.Ninety⁃six crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)finishing pigs with similar weight were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups,namely control group(basal diet),experimental groupⅠ(diet wtih 3%Zophobas morio meal),experimental groupⅡ(diet with 5%Zophobas morio meal),and experimental groupⅢ(diet wtih 8%Zophobas morio meal).There were 4 replicates in each group,6 pigs(half male and half female)in each replicate,and the experimental period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily feed intake,average daily gain and feed/gain of finishing pigs in the experimental groups were not significantly different from those in the control group(P>0.05),but the growth performance indexes in the experimental groupⅡwere the best.2)The serum total protein and globulin contents of finishing pigs in experimental groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the serum uric acid content was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant difference between the experimental groups and the control group in serum glucose,albumin,creatinine,urea nitrogen,total bile acid,total bilirubin,triglyceride and cholesterol con⁃tents(P>0.05).3)The level of serum insulin⁃like growth factor⁃Ⅰin experimental groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).There was no significant change in serum triiodothyronine,thy⁃roxine,glucagon and insulin levels(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the feed cost per unit weight gain in the experimental groupⅡwas the lowest,with a reduction of 0.52 CNY per kilogram of weight gain.To sum up,under the conditions of this experiment,the addition of 5%Zophobas morio meal in the diet has no negative effect on growth performance of finishing pigs,can promote the protein metabolism of finish⁃ing pigs,increase the level of IGF⁃Ⅰin serum and reduce the feed cost per gain weight,indicating that the Zo⁃phobas morio meal can be used as a high⁃quality protein feed in the production of finishing pigs.