不同硒源对种鸽产蛋性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Different Selenium Sources on Laying Performance,Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Indices of Breeding Pigeons

本试验旨在探讨不同硒源对种鸽产蛋性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。选取96对体重[(1154.19±38.35)g/对]相近、健康的24月龄银王种鸽,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复4对种鸽。对照组饲喂不添加硒的基础饲粮,3个不同硒源组分别饲喂添加0.3 mg/kg(以硒计)亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和纳米硒的试验饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,不同硒源组平均蛋重均显著提高(P<0.05),平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05);酵母硒组和纳米硒组产蛋间隔显著缩短(P<0.05);纳米硒组料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05);但饲粮添加不同硒源对种鸽产蛋数没有显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,亚硒酸钠组蛋壳厚度显著提高(P<0.05);酵母硒组和纳米硒组蛋黄颜色显著提高(P<0.05);纳米硒组蛋形指数和哈氏单位显著提高(P<0.05);但饲粮添加不同硒源对种鸽其他蛋品质指标没有显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,不同硒源组鸽蛋硒含量均显著提高(P<0.05),其中酵母硒组鸽蛋硒含量最高;纳米硒组鸽蛋粗脂肪含量显著提高(P<0.05);但饲粮添加不同硒源对鸽蛋粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,不同硒源组蛋黄谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著提高(P<0.05);酵母硒组和纳米硒组蛋黄丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);纳米硒组蛋黄总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,不同硒源组种鸽血清总胆固醇(TC)含量均显著降低(P<0.05);亚硒酸钠组种鸽血清甘油三酯(TG)含量显著提高(P<0.05);酵母硒组和纳米硒组种鸽血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。与亚硒酸钠组相比,酵母硒组和纳米硒组种鸽血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性均显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,不同硒源均可以提高种鸽的产蛋性能,改善蛋品质和血清生化指标,促进硒在鸽蛋中的沉积,提高蛋黄的抗氧化能力,其中纳米硒效果相对较好。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different selenium sources on laying per⁃formance,egg quality and serum biochemical indices of breeding pigeons.A total of 96 pairs healthy 24⁃month⁃old breeding pigeons(Silver King pigeon)with similar weight[(1154.19±38.35)g/pair]were sto⁃chastically divided into 4 groups,each group was divided into 6 repeats with 4 pairs of pigeons per repeat.The control group was fed a basal diet without selenium,and three different selenium source groups were fed the experimental diets added with 0.3 mg/kg(as selenium)of sodium selenite(SS),selenium⁃enriched yeast(SY)and nano selenium(NS),respectively.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as fol⁃lows:1)compared with the control group,the average egg weight was significantly increased(P<0.05)and average daily feed intake was significantly decreased in each experimental group(P<0.05);the laying interval was significantly decreased in SY and NS groups(P<0.05);the feed/egg was significantly decreased in NS group(P<0.05);however,different selenium sources in diet did not significantly affect egg number of breed⁃ing pigeons(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the egg shell thickness was significantly in⁃creased in SS group(P<0.05);the egg yolk color was significantly increased in SY and NS groups(P<0.05);the egg shell index and Haugh unite were significantly increased in NS group(P<0.05);however,different selenium in diet did not significantly affect other egg quality indicators of breeding pigeons(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the egg selenium content was significantly increased in each experimental group(P<0.05),and the SY group reached the highest;the egg crude lipid content was significantly in⁃creased in NS group(P<0.05);however,different selenium sources in diet did not significantly affect egg crude protein and ash contents of breeding pigeons(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the egg yolk glutathione peroxidase(GSH⁃Px)activity was significantly increased in each experimental group(P<0.05);the egg yolk malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased in SY and NS groups(P<0.05);the egg yolk total superoxide dismutase(T⁃SOD)activity was significantly increased in NS group(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the serum total cholesterol(TC)content was significantly de⁃creased in each experimental group(P<0.05);the serum triglyceride(TG)content was significantly in⁃creased in SS group(P<0.05);the serum glucose(GLU)content was significantly increased(P<0.05)and the serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity was significantly decreased in SY and NS groups(P<0.05).Compared with the SS group,the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity was significantly de⁃creased in SY and NS groups(P<0.05).It was concluded that different selenium sources may improve the lay⁃ing performance and egg quality,promote the deposition of selenium in eggs,and raise the antioxidant capacity of egg yolk.Among them,nano selenium has the better effect.