发动机颗粒物产生机理及排放特性的研究现状

Research Status of Engine Particulate Matter Generation Mechanism and Emission Characteristics

随着我国的高速发展,人民生活质量不断攀升,但随之而来的能源短缺问题日益严重,环境污染越来越突出,如何减少发动机颗粒物排放,使之满足我国最新排放标准已成为研究热点。着重梳理了颗粒物产生机理和燃料、润滑油以及发动机参数对颗粒物排放特性的影响,发现燃用含氧燃料、选用质量等级高且灰分少的润滑油以及引入废气再循环(EGR)系统均可减少颗粒物的排放,但目前针对添加剂、不同海拔以及发动机参数对颗粒物排放影响的研究较少,接下来应深层次研究。

With the rapid development of China,the life quality of the people continues to rise,but the following problems of energy shortage are becoming increasingly serious and environmental pollution is becoming increasingly prominent.How to reduce the emissions of particulate matter from engines to meet the latest emission standards of China has become a research hotspot.In this paper,the generation mechanism of particulate matter was studied as well as the influence of fuel,lubricating oil and engine parameters on the emission characteristics of particulate matter.It was found that the use of oxygen-containing fuel,the selection of lubricating oil with high quality and low ash content and the introduction of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) system could reduce the emission of particulate matter,but at present,there were few studies on the impact of additives,different altitudes and engine parameter weights on the emission of particulate matter,and further research on these problems should be carried out.