天津市护理人员工作压力现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of work stress and its influencing factors among nursing staff in Tianjin City

目的调查天津市护理人员工作压力现状,并分析其影响因素。方法于2020年8至10月,选取天津市三级医院、二级公立医院、二级民营医院、一级医院以及其他医疗机构的26 002名护理人员为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表和《护士工作压力源量表》调查护理人员的一般情况和工作压力情况,采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析探讨护理人员工作压力的影响因素。结果 26 002名护理人员平均年龄(33.86±8.28)岁,平均工龄(11.84±9.12)年,女性24 874名(95.66%),男性1 128名(4.34%),工作压力总分为(79.82±21.69)分,其中工作量及时间分配维度平均得分最高,为(2.55±0.79)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,婚姻状况(β=-0.015,P=0.014)、聘用形式为合同制(β=0.022,P=0.001)、岗位为临床护理(β=0.048,P<0.001)、文化程度(β=0.024,P<0.001)、年龄(β=0.050,P<0.001)、工作年限(β=0.075,P<0.001)及职称(β=0.036,P<0.001)是护理人员工作压力的影响因素,可解释护理人员工作压力总变异的22.8%(F=24.25,P<0.001)。结论天津市护理人员工作压力较大,相关部门以及护理管理者应根据护理人员工作压力的影响因素采用科学管理方法减轻护理人员工作负荷,为进一步推进新时代护理事业和护理产业健康发展营造良好氛围。

Objective To explore the current situation of work stress among nursing staff in Tianjin City and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From August to October 2020,26002 nursing staff from tertiary hospitals,secondary public hospitals,secondary private hospitals,primary hospitals,and other medical institutions in Tianjin City were selected as objects,and their general situation and working stress situation were surveyed by the general information questionnaire and the Nurse's Work Stressor Scale.Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of work stress among nursing staff.Results The average age of 26002 nursing staff was(33.86±8.28)years old,and the average working years were(11.84±9.12)years.There were 24874 women(95.66%)and 1128 men(4.34%).The total score of work stress was(79.82±21.69),and the average score of workload and time allocation dimension was the highest(2.55±0.79).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status(β=-0.015,P=0.014),employment form as contract system(β=0.022,P=0.001),post as clinical nursing(β=0.048,P<0.001),education level(β=0.024,P<0.001),age(β=0.050,P<0.001),working years(β=0.075,P<0.001),and professional title(β=0.036,P<0.001)were the influencing factors of work stress,which explained 22.8%of the total variation in work stress of nursing staff(F=24.25,P<0.001).Conclusion The work stress among nursing staff in Tianjin City is high,the corresponding departments and nursing managers should adopt scientific management methods to reduce the workload of nursing staff according to the influencing factors of work stress,so as to create a good atmosphere for further promoting the healthy development of nursing career and nursing industry in the new era.