专业资本视角下的教师专业化发展——以名师工作室为例

Teacher Professional Development from the Perspective of Professional Capital:Taking Master Teacher Studios as an Example

教师专业化对教学质量提升、学生发展和学校变革具有重要作用,是全球多个国家共同关注的基本教育问题之一。“专业资本”是西方学者在探寻教师专业化发展过程中提出的一个概念,旨在鼓励教师结束各自为战的状态,开展更为有效的合作学习,以促进教师个体及群体的协同发展。在中国,这一概念虽然尚未被广泛使用,但大量的教研实践都反映出专业资本所倡导的教师专业化方式,名师工作室正是一种开展此类实践的教师专业发展机制。本研究以专业资本为理论框架,选取浙江省初中段多学科名师工作室的10名主持人、24名工作室成员为访谈对象,辅以观察法和文本法收集相关实证数据,并以归纳和演绎相结合的方式进行编码,最终细化并发展了专业资本框架的三个维度(个人资本、社会资本、决策资本)。除能被专业资本理论解释的实践外,研究还发现了一些无法直接纳入专业资本理论框架的内容。最后,基于对名师工作室教研实践的描述和分析,提出了一些可能有助于实践改进的启示和建议。

Teacher professionalism plays a significant role in promoting teaching quality,student development,and school reform.It is one of the basic education issues that many countries around the world are concerned about.“Professional capital” is a concept put forward by Western scholars in the process of exploring teacher professional development.They aim to encourage teachers to learn collaboratively rather than learn by themselves.In this way,teachers' collective professional development can be improved.Although this concept has not been widely adopted in China,many teaching-research activities reflect the connotation of professional capital.The Master Teacher Studio(MTS) is a teacher professional learning mechanism,in which such teaching-research activities are implemented.This study takes “professional capital” as the theoretical framework and interviewed ten MTS hosts and 24 studio members from junior high schools of Zhejiang province.Observations and documents were also employed as supplementary data collection methods.Through deductive and inductive coding,this study finally refines and develops three dimensions of the professional capital framework:human capital,social capital,and decisional capital.Besides the practices in line with the professional capital framework,the study also finds new content that cannot be directly explained by the theoretical framework.Finally,this paper draws several practical implications based on the description and analysis of the teaching-research activities in MTSs.