传统与现代震级标度

Traditional and modern magnitude scales

首先阐述并比较传统震级(ML、mb、mB、M_(S)及MJMA)所用数据、计算方法及适用范围,系统梳理两种现代震级标度Me和MW的理论基础及计算方法。然后根据使用数据及适用场景不同,介绍MWW、MWC、MWb、Mwp及Mdt等矩震级测定方法;同时,随着越来越丰富的GPS观测数据,基于高频GPS观测也越来越多地被用于地震震级快速测定工作。最后对这些震级测定方法的时效性进行对比分析,讨论不同震级标度的适用场景及其稳定性。

In this paper,the data,calculation algorithms,and applicability of some traditional magnitudes(M L,m b,m B,M_(S),and M JMA)were first described and compared.Additionally,the theoretical basis and calculation methods of two modern magnitude scales(M e and M W)were systematically explored.The determination methods of some moment magnitudes(i.e.,M WW,M WC,M Wb,M wp,and M dt)were then introduced in accordance with different use data and applicable scenarios.Meanwhile,high-frequency GPS-based observation was increasingly used for the rapid determination of earthquake magnitudes due to the wide availability of GPS observation data.Finally,the time efficiencies of these magnitude determination methods were compared and analyzed,and the applicable scenarios and stability of different magnitude scales were discussed.