出版、阅读与知识传播——以《江村销夏录》为个案的研究

Publishing,Reading and Knowledge Dissemination--A Case Study of Jiang Cun Xiao Xia Lu

高士奇的《江村销夏录》是清代第一部由本朝人纂辑并印刷出版的书画目录,但是此书最初虽以印本行世,却印数不多,流通范围亦未广,这和其预设的读者群、流通范围及定位关系密切。其后针对高士奇书画鉴定水平的争议也长期存在,而争议双方恰能反映分别以书籍和实物为依据的两种倾向。对书籍文本内容的依赖导致了读者对物质信息的偏离,这与当时民间普遍难以见到先代书画名迹的社会背景有关。通过考察《江村销夏录》的出版和流通情况,可以说明此书在文化史上的特殊性,及其对读者历史认识的塑造,进而讨论这类书籍怎样进入到出版文化的主流脉络之中。

Gao Shiqi's Jiang Cun Xiao Xia Lu was the first catalogue of painting and calligraphy compiled and printed by the Qing dynasty,but although it was initially published in printed form,it was not printed in large numbers and did not circulate widely,which was closely related to its predetermined readership,scope of circulation and positioning.Subsequent controversies over the level of identification of Gao s paintings and calligraphy have long existed,and the two sides of the dispute reflect two tendencies to rely on books and objects respectively.The reliance on the textual content of books led readers to deviate from the material information,which was related to the social context of a time when it was generally difficult for folk to see the famous paintings and calligraphy of earlier generations.By examining the publication and circulation of the Jiang Cun Xiao Xia Lu,it is possible to illustrate the specificity of this book in cultural history and its shaping of readers historical perceptions,and thus to discuss how this type of book entered the mainstream of publishing culture.