高等职业教育的学科建设:必要性、形态、逻辑和路径

Discipline Construction in Higher Vocational Education:Necessity,Form,Logic,and Path

学科是高等学校高质量发展的龙头,是职业教育“高等性”的重要体现。但近30年来,我国高等职业教育一直倡导“强化实践”和“理论够用”,过于强调“职业性”,学科建设几乎被忽视。学科的本质是知识分类,以知识为核心组分。人才培养是高等职业教育的根本任务,知识传授、生产和应用是其开展人才培养的逻辑主线,因此高等职业教育离不开学科建设。鉴于“高等性”和“职业性”双重属性,高等职业教育的学科知识形态呈“金字塔”型,学科形态呈“四螺旋”型,组织形态呈“超组织”型,高等职业教育应该围绕这些特征进行学科建设顶层设计和方案建构。

Discipline is the leader of high-quality development in higher education institutions and an important embodiment of the higher vocational nature of vocational education.However,in the past 30 years,China's higher vocational education has emphasized strengthening practice and sufficient theory too much,overemphasizing professionalism.The construction of disciplines has been almost neglected.The essence of a discipline is knowledge classification,with knowledge as the core component.Talent cultivation is the fundamental task of higher vocational education,and knowledge transmission,production,and application are the logical mainline for talent cultivation.Therefore,the construction of disciplines is essential in higher vocational education.Given the dual attributes of higher vocational and professional characters,the form of knowledge in higher vocational education disciplines takes the form of a pyramid,the form of discipline takes the form of four spirals,and the organization form takes the form of super-organization.Higher vocational education should focus on these characteristics when designing and constructing discipline construction plans.