基于响应曲面模型和Matlab遗传算法的压铸铝硅合金时效工艺优化及分析

Optimization and analysis of aging process for die-casting aluminum silicon alloy based on response surface model and Matlab genetic algorithm

时效工艺对压铸铝硅合金最终热处理强化效果起到至关重要的作用。利用响应曲面法研究了时效温度与时效时间的交互作用对压铸铝硅合金显微硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率的影响,并运用Matlab遗传算法对合金的力学性能进行多目标优化和时效工艺参数的设计。结果表明:响应曲面法结合Matlab多目标遗传算法的设计优化方法可以建立一个准确的模型,其预测值与实际值的误差小于5%。依靠模型可以快速获得不同目标需求对应的最优工艺参数方案,且经优化的时效工艺处理后合金的组织均匀,抗拉强度、硬度都有显著提升,伸长率略微下降。

The aging process plays a crucial role in the final heat treatment strengthening effect of die-casting aluminum silicon alloy.The effect of the interaction between aging temperature and time on the microhardness,tensile strength and elongation of the die-casting aluminum silicon alloy was studied using response surface method,and Matlab genetic algorithm was used for the multi-objective optimization of the mechanical properties of the alloy,together with the design of the ageing process parameters.The results show that the response surface method combined with the design optimization method of Matlab multi-objective genetic algorithm can establish an accurate model,and the error between the predicted value and the actual value is less than 5%.Depending on the model,the optimal process parameters corresponding to different target requirements can be quickly obtained.After aging treatment by the optimized aging process,the microstructure of the alloy is uniform,the tensile strength and hardness are significantly improved,and the elongation is slightly decreased.