樟芝深层发酵多糖对抗生素相关性腹泻小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用

Regulatory Effect of Polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea in Submerged Fermentation on Gut Microbiota in Mice with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

为了研究樟芝(Antrodia cinnamomea)深层发酵产生的多糖对抗生素相关性腹泻小鼠肠道菌群的影响,开发樟芝在功能食品领域的应用价值和潜力,本实验首先采用水提醇沉法从樟芝深层发酵菌丝体及发酵液中提取樟芝胞内多糖(Antrodia cinnamomea intracellular polysaccharides,AIPS)及胞外多糖(Antrodia cinnamomea exopolysaccharides,AEPS)并进行结构表征,结果表明,AIPS和AEPS的主要组成单糖均为葡萄糖、半乳糖及甘露糖;AEPS的平均分子质量为4.16×10^(5) Da,AIPS的平均分子质量为3.52×10^(6) Da;AEPS是吡喃环结构多糖,而AIPS则具有—C≡C—H及C—O官能团;随后进行体外抗α-淀粉酶消化能力和抗模拟胃液消化能力实验,结果表明,AIPS和AEPS均具有较强的抗消化能力;最后进行抗生素盐酸林可霉素(lincomycin hydrochloride,LIH)相关性腹泻小鼠体内实验,结果表明,灌胃樟芝多糖可明显增加小鼠肠道菌群中部分有益微生物(如Lactobacillus)的相对丰度,同时明显降低部分有害微生物(如Enterococcus、Staphylococcus、Parasutterella及Shigella)的相对丰度,其中AEPS的调节效果明显优于AIPS。本研究可为开发新型多功能益生元提供新思路及依据。

In order to study the effect of polysaccharides produced by Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged fermentation on the intestinal flora of mice and,more broadly,to develop the potential and application value of A.cinnamomea in the field of functional food,we extracted and characterized intracellular polysaccharides(AIPS)and exopolysaccharides(AEPS)from the submerged cultured mycelia and broth of Antrodia cinnamomea.It was found that AIPS and AEPS were predominantly composed of glucose,galactose and mannose.Their average molecular masses were 3.52×10^(6) and 4.16×10^(5) Da,respectively.AEPS contained a pyran ring,while AIPS had(-C≡C-H)and(C-O)functional groups.Both AIPS and AEPS had strong digestive resistance as demonstrated by their resistance to α-amylase digestion and simulated gastric digestion.Intragastrically administered AIPS and AEPS significantly increased the relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms(such as Lactobacillus)in the intestine of mice with lincomycin-caused diarrhea,and significantly reduced the relative abundance of some harmful microorganisms(such as Enterococcus,Staphylococcus,Parasutterella and Shigella)(P<0.05),AEPS being more significantly better than AIPS.This study can provide a new idea and basis for the development of new multifunctional prebiotics.