植物精油对病原真菌抑制作用的研究进展

Advances in the Antifungal Effects of Plant Essential Oils

食品、农副产品和药用植物经常受到病原真菌和真菌毒素的污染,病原真菌不仅会导致食品变质,还会危害人们的健康。目前常用清除真菌毒素的方法有物理法、化学法、生物法等。大量研究表明,天然产物植物精油可以抑制病原真菌生长和真菌毒素积累,且具有良好的生物降解性。因此,植物精油可以作为真菌生长抑制剂和真菌毒素积累抑制剂,成为传统合成杀菌剂的环保替代品,具有良好的应用前景。本文介绍常见病原真菌及真菌毒素的分类和危害、植物精油的抗真菌活性成分和抑菌机制,综述植物精油防治病原真菌和抑制真菌毒素积累的研究进展,可为植物精油的开发和应用提供一定的理论参考。

Foods,agricultural by-products and medicinal plants are often contaminated by pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins.Pathogenic fungi not only lead to food deterioration,but also harm people’s health.The commonly used methods for detoxification include physical,chemical and biological methods.A large number of studies have shown that natural plant essential oils inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of mycotoxins and have good biodegradability,making them a promising environmental-friendly alternative to traditional synthetic fungicides.In this review,the classification and harm of common pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins,as well as the antifungal components and mechanisms of plant essential oils are introduced,and recent progress on plant essential oils in the control of pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins is summarized.This review provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of plant essential oils.