摘要
目的:为评价啶虫脒和吡丙醚在柑橘上的使用安全性,在湖南、湖北等13地进行田间实验,研究啶虫脒和吡丙醚在柑橘中的残留及消解动态,并进行膳食风险评估。方法:柑橘样品采用1%冰乙酸-乙腈提取,N-丙基乙二胺和石墨化碳净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测。结果:在0.001~0.5 mg/L范围内,啶虫脒和吡丙醚的质量浓度与其响应峰面积呈良好的线性关系(R^(2)>0.99)。在0.01、0.5、2.5 mg/kg添加水平时,柑橘全果和果肉中啶虫脒的添加回收率为83.0%~104.3%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~10.0%;吡丙醚添加回收率为74.8%~98.7%,相对标准偏差为2.0%~6.0%,2种农药的方法定量限均为0.01 mg/kg。啶虫脒和吡丙醚在柑橘全果中的残留消解动态符合一级动力学模型,降解半衰期为5.1~15.8 d和4.5~21.2 d。27%啶虫脒-吡丙醚可分散液剂在柑橘上的施药浓度为500 g/hm^(2)(2000倍液),施药2次,安全间隔期为7 d时,柑橘中啶虫脒的最终残留量为0.01(低于定量限)~0.45 mg/kg,吡丙醚量为0.01(低于定量限)~0.68 mg/kg;安全间隔期为10 d时,柑橘中啶虫脒的最终残留量为0.01(低于定量限)~0.40 mg/kg,吡丙醚量为0.01(低于定量限)~0.56 mg/kg,残留量均低于GB 2763—2021《食品中农药最大残留限量》中规定的安全限量标准(啶虫脒和吡丙醚在柑橘中的最大残留限量分别为0.5、2.0 mg/kg)。风险评估结果表明,啶虫脒和吡丙醚对不同年龄段人群的急性和慢性膳食暴露风险介于0.0%~53.0%之间,远低于100%,风险均处于可接受水平。结论:本研究为啶虫脒和吡丙醚在柑橘上中的安全性评估和合理使用提供指导。
Objective:Field trials were conducted in 13 citrus production regions including Hunan and Hubei provinces to evaluate the safety of the application of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen on citrus.The residue,dissipation dynamics and dietary risk assessment of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in citrus fruit were investigated.Methods:The samples were extracted with 1%acetic acid in acetonitrile,purified using a mixture of primary secondary amine and graphitized carbon black,and detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).Results:Excellent linearity(R^(2)>0.99)was observed between the response peak area and the concentration of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in the range of 0.001-0.5 mg/L.In whole citrus fruit and flesh spiked at 0.01,0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg,the recoveries of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen ranged from 83.0% to 104.3% and from 74.8% to 98.7% with relative standard deviation(RSDs)of 3.8% to 10.0% and 2.0 to 6.0%,respectively.The limits of quantification(LOQs)for the analytes were both 0.01 mg/kg.The dissipation dynamics of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in whole citrus fruit was fitted to a first-order kinetics model.The degradation half-lives of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in whole citrus fruit were 5.1-15.8 days and 4.5-21.2 days,respectively.Twenty-seven percent acetamiprid-pyriproxyfen dispersible concentrate was sprayed twice on citrus at the recommended dosage of 500 g/hm^(2)(2000×dilution).At a 7-day safety interval,the residues of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in citrus fruit ranged from less than 0.01 mg/kg to 0.45 mg/kg and to 0.68 mg/kg,respectively.At a 10-day safety interval,the residues of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in citrus fruit ranged from less than 0.01 mg/kg to 0.40 mg/kg and to 0.56 mg/kg,respectively and were both lower than the maximum residue limits(MRLs)for acetamiprid(0.5 mg/kg)and pyriproxyfen(2.0 mg/kg)according to the Chinese national standard.The risk assessment results showed that the acute and chronic dietary exposure risk of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen ranged from 0.0% to 53.0%(much lower than 100%)for people in different age groups,which was at an acceptable level.Conclusion:This study can provide guidance for the safety evaluation and rational application of acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen in citrus.
作者
黄文源
张盈
魏进
龙家寰
张昌朋
李明
段婷婷
HUANG Wenyuan;ZHANG Ying;WEI Jin;LONG Jiahuan;ZHANG Changpeng;LI Ming;DUAN Tingting(Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Institute of Agro-products Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第14期384-390,共7页
Food Science
基金
全国名特优新农产品全程质量控制技术贵阳中心建设项目(黔科中引地[2022]4008号)
植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室贵州研究中心创新能力提升项目(黔科合服企[2020]4007号)。
关键词
柑橘
啶虫脒
吡丙醚
残留
膳食风险评估
citrus
acetamiprid
pyriproxyfen
residue
dietary risk assessment