军事飞行学员胜任特征模型构建与验证

Construction and validation of a competency model for millitary flight cadets

目的 采用战斗机飞行员胜任特征问卷调研飞行学员的胜任力,并与教官的评价进行交叉验证。方法 采取整群抽样法,调研2 047名飞行学员,对约50%数据进行探索性因子分析,对一部分数据进行验证性因子分析;同时调研教官86人,以他们对飞行学员胜任力的他评成绩为效标。结果 探索性因子分析得到专业胜任力,心理胜任力,意识形态胜任力,一般性胜任力和发展性胜任力5个因子,累积解释问卷总变异量的58.92%;验证性因子分析表明5因子模型与数据拟合较好(χ^(2)=4.38,拟合优度指数=0.870,比较拟合指数=0.917,不规范拟合指数=0.910,增值拟合指数=0.917,Tucker-Lewis指数=0.910,近似误差均方根=0.057)。学员和教官在5个因子上的得分差异有统计学意义(t=2.107、4.001、3.600、3.532、2.690,P=0.034、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.007)。结论 飞行学员胜任力由专业胜任力、心理胜任力、意识形态胜任力、一般性胜任力和发展性胜任力5个部分组成。

Objective To investigate the competency of millitary flight cadets by using the competency questionnaire for fighter pilots,and cross-validate it via evaluation by instructors.Methods 2047 millitary cadets were investigated through cluster sampling.Half of the data was analyzed with exploratory factor analysis,while the rest was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis.At the same time,86 instructors were surveyed,whose results of evaluation of the competence of cadets were taken as the benchmark.Results Five factors including professional competence,psychological competence,ideological competence,general competence and developmental competence were obtained by exploratory factor analysis,which accounted for 58.92%of the total variance of the questionnaire.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the five-factor model fitted well with the data(x^(2)=4.38,GFI=0.870,CFI-0.917,NNFI=0.910,IFI=0.917,TLI=0.910,RMSEA=0.057).There were difference between instructors and cadets in the five factors(t=2.107.4.001,3.600、3.532、2.690,P=0.034,<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.007).ConclusionThecompetency of flight cadets consists of professional competence,psychological competence,ideological competence,general competence and developmental competence.