陆航某部飞行人员健康状态分析

Health status of aircrews in troops of Army Aviation

目的 通过分析陆航某部飞行人员健康状态,探讨环境因素与工作负荷对陆航飞行人员健康的影响,从而有针对性的提高陆航航卫保障能力。方法 收集陆航某部飞行人员疗养出院诊断数据,对健康状态和疾病情况进行统计分析。结果 陆航275名飞行人员中健康等级为甲级的人员占91.3%;患1种或多种疾病的人员占88.6%,同一人员患病种类达到3种或以上的占34.9%;平均BMI(24.26±0.84)kg/m^(2)。共检出疾病66种,合计680例,其中甲状腺结节、高尿酸血症、高脂血症、脂肪肝、胆囊息肉检出率较高,分别占11.62%、6.91%、5.88%、4.56%和4.41%。疾病系统归类前五位的为代谢性疾病、甲状腺疾病,骨与关节运动性疾病、循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病。各年龄组飞行人员患疾病占比在43~46岁和47~51岁年龄组达到100%;随着年龄增长,人均患病数有所增加,在47~51岁年龄组人均患病达到4种。代谢性疾病的检出率随年龄增长而增多,且随着年龄增长,1人患2种以上代谢性疾病的占比增加。结论 航空环境因素与工作负荷的联合效应可能是导致飞行人员代谢性疾病高发的主要原因。通过调整饮食营养、饮水条件、适度的运动锻炼制度等非药物方法治疗预防和控制飞行人员代谢性疾病的发生发展,是陆航直升机部队卫勤保障工作需要关注的重点之一。

Objective To study the effects of environmental factors and workload on the health of aircrews by analyzing the health status of flight personnel in helicopter troops of Army Aviation so as to improve the ability to support aviation safety.Methods The diagnostic data on aircrews discharged from the sanatorium was collected and statistically analyzed.Results 91.3%of the 275 aircrews were in excellent health.88.6%of the aircrews suffered from one or more diseases,and 34.9%of them were afflicted with three or more types of diseases.The average BMI was(24.26±0.84)kg/m².A total of 66 types of diseases were detected in 680 cases,among which thyroid nodules,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia,fatty liver and gallbladder polyps were more common,accounting for 11.62%,6.91%,5.88%,4.56%and 4.41%,respectively.The top five diseases were metabolic diseases,thyroid diseases,bone and joint motor diseases,circulatory system diseases,and digestive system diseases.The proportion of diseased aircrews increased with age,reaching 100%in the group aged 43 to 46 and in the group aged 47 to 51.With the increase of age,the number of diseases per capita increased,reaching 4 diseases per capita in the 47-51 age group.The detection rate of metabolic diseases increased with age,so did the proportion of individuals suffering from more than two metabolic diseases.Conclusion The combined effect of environmental factors and workload of aviation may be the leading cause of the high incidence of metabolic diseases in army helicopter aircrews.Improvement of diets,nutrition and drinking water conditions and engagement in moderate exercise can be effective for prevention and control of metabolic diseases among helicopter aircrews.