社区基金会类型化发展与行动策略选择——基于社会资本的分析视角

Typological Development of Community Foundations and Selection of Action Strategies--Based on the Analytical Perspective of Social Capital

当前我国社区基金会呈现政府发起型、企业发起型、社会组织发起型、居民发起型及混合发起型的多样态发展趋势。因发起主体及对社会资源依赖程度的不同,各类型的社区基金会在特征内涵上有明显区别,在实践中也采用差异化的行动策略。文章基于社会资本的分析视角,从组织行为的情感性行动意向与工具性行动意向出发,将不同主体发起型社区基金会的行动策略划分为四种类型,即“双强”行动策略,“高情感性、弱工具性”行动策略,“高工具性、弱情感性”行动策略以及“双弱”行动策略,并提出鼓励发展社会组织发起型社区基金会、积极扶持居民发起型社区基金会、合理引导企业发起型社区基金会和谨慎发展政府发起型社区基金会的建议。

At present,community foundations in China show the development trend of government-initiated,enterprise-initiated,social organization-initiated,resident-initiated and mixed-initiated types.Due to the differences in the initiators and the degree of dependence on social resources,each type of community foundations has obvious differences in the characteristics and connotations,and adopts differentiated action strategies in practice.Based on the analysis perspective of social capital,the article classifies the action strategies of community foundations initiated by different subjects into four types,namely,"double-strength"action strategy,"highly emotional,weakly instrumental"action strategy,"highly emotional,weakly instrumental"action strategy,"highly emotional,weakly instrumental"action strategy,and"highly emotional"action strategy."It also proposes to encourage the development of social organization-initiated community foundations,actively support resident-initiated community foundations,reasonably guide enterprise-initiated community foundations and prudently guide enterprise-initiated community foundations.It also puts forward the suggestions of encouraging the development of social organization-initiated community foundations,actively supporting resident-initiated community foundations,reasonably guiding enterprise-initiated community foundations and cautiously developing government-initiated community foundations.