民族旅游地妇女旅游影响感知对主观幸福感的影响——以贵州西江苗寨为例

Influence of Local Women's Perception of Tourism Impact on Subjective Well-being in Ethnic Tourism Areas:A Case from Xijiang Miao Village of Guizhou Province

旅游地居民主观幸福感对当地旅游可持续发展意义重大,涉及旅游发展对地方微观个体的影响,也是人地关系研究的重要科学问题。文章以民族旅游地西江苗寨景区为案例研究地,从旅游影响感知视角出发,基于SEM和fsQCA方法,综合分析民族旅游地妇女旅游影响感知对其主观幸福感的线性影响与非线性影响。研究发现,家庭生活幸福与人际关系和谐是妇女主观幸福感的主要影响维度;积极影响感知可显著提升妇女主观幸福感水平,消极影响感知对妇女主观幸福感的影响以直接影响为主;消极影响感知、物质需求满足、身心整体健康对妇女主观幸福感的影响存在非对称性和不确定性;主观幸福感的形成是多因素联动的结果,且存在多种路径可以实现民族旅游地妇女高主观幸福感的形成。研究结果为全面理解旅游发展与目的地居民主观幸福感的关系、有效提升民族旅游地妇女主观幸福感水平提供理论指导。

The subjective well-being of residents in tourist destinations holds significant importance for the sustainable development of destination tourism.It involves examining how tourism development impacts individuals at the local level and serves as a crucial scientific issue in the study of the relationship between humans and their environment.Subjective well-being is a concept that encompasses various factors,including personal,social,economic,and environmental elements,resulting in its rich connotations and complexity.However,most existing studies on the impact of tourism development on subjective well-being utilize traditional multivariate statistical analysis with independent variables,assuming one-way linear relationships and causal symmetry.These methods fail to capture the multiple concurrent causal relationships among numerous factors and their collective impact on overall subjective well-being.They also overlook the asymmetry of subjective well-being's impact and the complex causal pathways leading to high subjective well-being.To address these limitations,this study focuses on women's groups in minority tourist areas as the research subjects.Through a questionnaire survey,474 valid questionnaires were obtained to investigate the topic.The study employs structural equation modeling(SEM)and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA),utilizing Smart-PLS 3.0 and fsQCA3.0 software.From the perspective of tourism impact perception,the research comprehensively analyzes the linear and non-linear effects of women's tourism impact perception in ethnic tourist destinations on their subjective well-being.The findings highlight that the happiness of family life and the harmony of interpersonal relationships are the primary dimensions influencing women's subjective well-being.Positive impact perception significantly improves women's subjective well-being,whereas negative impact perception directly impacts it.Furthermore,there are asymmetry and uncertainty in the impact of negative impact perception,satisfaction of material needs,and physical&mental health on women's subjective well-being.The formation of subjective well-being is the outcome of multiple interconnected factors,and there exist various paths to achieve high subjective well-being among women in ethnic tourism destinations.This study not only confirms the linear effect of tourism impact perception and life happiness on the subjective well-being of women in ethnic tourism destinations but also sheds light on the synergistic effect of different antecedent variables in the formation of women's high subjective well-being in such destinations.It provides insights into the formation mechanism and complexity of women's high subjective well-being in ethnic tourism areas,considering the perspective of tourism impact perception.At a practical level,the study explores multiple paths for the formation of women's high subjective well-being in ethnic tourism destinations under the synergy of different antecedent conditions.It offers various intervention strategies to effectively enhance women's subjective well-being in ethnic tourism destinations.