基于改进蚁群算法航空电缆路径规划

Route planning of aviation cable based on improved ant colony algorithm

针对航空电缆在布局空间安装中存在的可靠性差,效率低和成本高等问题,提出了一种基于改进蚁群算法的航空电缆布局路径规划优化方法。对布线安装空间进行栅格化处理,通过分析航空布线要求与约束条件,对待布线安装空间进行模拟真实环境建模,获得的建模空间用于航空电缆的二维布线路径优化。采用了向终点方向引导的转移规则,并增加转弯拐角惩罚因子,来改进启发函数,减少了路径搜索的盲目性,提高了规划路径平滑度;采用一种自适应调整方式的信息素挥发因子,提高算法的搜索效率和后期收敛速度;引入了遗传变异,避免算法陷入局部最优。在仿真实验中,将所提出的方法与其他算法进行了对比分析并表明:应用该算法优化后总体电缆的路径布局电缆路径明显减少、即电缆长度用量减少;拐点数明显减少、即电缆电器性能变好,能够提供航空发动机系统的稳定性。验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。

In view of the problems of poor reliability,low efficiency and high cost in planning space installation of aviation cable,an optimized method of route planning of aviation cable layout based on improved ant colony algorithm was proposed.The wiring installation space was rasterized,and the real environment modeling was carried out for the wiring installation space by analyzing the requirements and constraints of aviation wiring.The modeling space obtained was used to optimize the two-dimensional routing path of aviation cables.The heuristic function was improved by using the transition rule guided to the destination direction and increasing the penalty factor of turning corner,which reduced the blindness of path search and improved the smoothness of the planned path.An adaptive adjustment of pheromone volatile factor was used to improve the search efficiency and convergence speed of the algorithm.Genetic variation was introduced to avoid the algorithm falling into local optimum.In the simulation experiment,compared with other algorithms,the proposed method can significantly reduce overall cable path layout and the number of inflection points,indicating that the cable length was reduced and the cable electrical performance was better,enabling to provide the stability of the aircraft engine system.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm were verified.