仿海豚皮减阻研究进展

Research Progress in Drag Reduction by Imitating Dolphin Skin

减阻材料可广泛应用于国防、工业、生产生活,具有极大的应用价值。仿生减阻作为减阻研究新的分支,受到广泛关注。由Gray计算海豚游动阻力与肌肉力量不匹配而产生的“Gray悖论”开启了对海豚减阻机理的探索。本文介绍了基于海豚表皮的几种减阻机理,并介绍由其发展出的相应减阻材料的设计与测试,最后对仿海豚皮减阻研究的未来发展进行展望。

Drag-reducing materials are widely used in national defense,industry and daily life.As a new branch of drag reduction research,biomimetic drag reduction has received widespread attention.The inconsistency for the calculated high drag on dolphins and underestimated muscle power available resulted in“Gray’s paradox”.And it has pushed the inspiration for many drag reduction mechanism.This review examines present drag reduction mechanisms based on dolphins and corresponding drag reduction materials.Moreover,a direction of the future development of drag reduction researches inspired by dolphins is pointed out.