辅助生殖技术对子代发育源性糖脂代谢病发生风险影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effects of assisted reproductive technology on the risk of offspring developmental glycolipid metabolic disease

近年来,辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)已经成为支撑人口发展的重要技术。虽然ART解决了部分不孕不育患者“生不出”的问题,但因其非生理性的体外操作,ART对子代近远期健康的影响仍存在争议。已有研究显示,ART各关键操作可能通过影响配子、胚胎的表观遗传调控程序增加子代出生后糖脂代谢病的发生。本文将系统阐述控制性超促排卵、胚胎体外培养、卵子体外成熟培养、卵胞质内单精子注射、胚胎冷冻和胚胎植入前遗传学检测等ART关键操作环节对子代发育源性糖脂代谢病发生风险的影响,为改良ART诊疗策略、提升ART子代安全性提供新思路。

In recent years,assisted reproductive technology(ART)has become an integral part of modern medicine and now plays a key role in population growth.Although ART has solved the problem of"no child"among some infertile couples,the short-term and long-term health outcomes of offspring conceived by ART is still controversial due to its non-physiological operating conditions.It has been found that the key procedures of ART may increase offspring's risk of developmental glycolipid metabolic disease by resetting epigenetic memory in gamete and embryo early development.This article systematically described the effects of controlled ovulation hyperstimulation,in vitro embryo culture,in vitro oocyte maturation,intracytoplasmic sperm injection,embryo cryopreservation and preimplantation genetic testing on offspring's risk of developmental glycolipid metabolic diseases,to provide new ideas for confirming offspring safety and improving the therapeutic strategy of assisted reproduction.