地方立法权扩容背景下的法律体系融贯

The Coherence of Legal System under the Background of the Expansion of Local Legislative Power

融贯是法律体系有效存在的必要条件。实践中的命题体系既能够以相互支持力度大的高度融贯状态存在,也能够以相互支持力度小的低度融贯状态存在。对融贯的不断追求,是法律体系发展与完善的基本方式。《立法法》授予设区的市立法权后,地方立法权扩容,地方法律规范在整个法律体系中的比重逐步增加。地方立法权扩大有助于法律体系的发展与完善,但也会导致不同层次、不同区域的法律规范抵触,产生立法割据、立法碎片化的风险,削弱法律体系的整体融贯程度。法律体系的融贯,既有赖于科学的立法活动,也有赖于高质量的司法裁判活动。在立法层面构建融贯的法律体系,应在坚持宪法至上原则的基础上重视备案审查工作,建设良好的地方立法质量提升机制。单纯依赖立法者并不足以完成法律体系融贯重构的重任,法律体系的融贯化,还依赖司法过程中法官的理性裁判。法官积极援引并建构性地解释地方法律规范,有助于法律体系融贯程度的提高。

Coherence is a necessary condition for the effective existence of the legal system.In practice,propositions of the legal system can be coherent with each other in a high or low degree of mutual support.The continuous pursuit of coherence is the way of existence of the legal system.The proportion of local legal norms in the whole legal system has gradually increased since the legislative law granted local legislative power to cities divided into districts.The expansion of local legislative power is conducive to the development and improvement of the legal system,but it will also lead to the conflict of legal norms at different levels and regions,resulting in the risk of legislative separation and fragmentation,and weakening the overall coherence of the legal system.The coherence of the legal system depends on both scientific legislative activities and high-quality judicial activities.To build a coherent legal system at the legislative level,it is desirable to pay attention to the record review and build a good mechanism to improve the quality of local legislation on the basis of adhering to the principle of constitutional supremacy.Relying solely on legislators is not enough to complete the important task of the coherence reconstruction of the legal system.In the future,the coherence of the legal system will rely more on the rational judgment of the judge in the judicial process.The active invocation and constructive interpretation of local legal norms by judges can help improve the coherence of the legal system.