缓释载体对两种植物挥发物释放速率的影响

Effects of different slow-release carriers on the release rate of two plant volatiles

【目的】研究不同缓释载体对植物挥发物释放速率的影响,以期为相关昆虫引诱剂研究选择合适的缓释载体提供技术支撑,从而达到最佳的诱捕效果和更长的持效期。【方法】采用称重法测定了室外条件下α-蒎烯和顺-3-己烯醇在不同规格的聚乙烯缓释瓶和聚乙烯缓释袋上的释放速率和持效期。【结果】缓释瓶释放试验结果表明,不同大小缓释瓶和不同剂量植物挥发物的释放速率具有显著性差异,15 mL缓释瓶+15 mLα-蒎烯组合16 d内日均释放速率最小,为(268.3±70.3)mg·d^(-1),显著低于100 mL缓释瓶+15 mLα-蒎烯组合的(580.0±119.5)mg·d^(-1)和100 mL缓释瓶+50 mLα-蒎烯组合的(913.3±133.8)mg·d^(-1)。100 mL缓释瓶+15 mLα-蒎烯组合持效期在16 d左右,而15 mL缓释瓶+15 mLα-蒎烯组合和100 mL缓释瓶+50 mLα-蒎烯组合可以达到50 d以上的持效期。缓释袋释放速率试验表明,2 mL顺-3-己烯醇在0.02 mm缓释袋12 d内日均释放速率最高,为(110.7±28.0)mg·d^(-1),显著高于其他厚度的缓释袋(P<0.05);2 mL顺-3-己烯醇在0.06、0.08、0.10和0.16 mm缓释袋日均释放速率分别为(48.3±14.4)、(42.0±11.5)、(36.3±14.4)和(31.0±7.9)mg·d^(-1),差异不显著(P>0.05);2 mL顺-3-己烯醇在0.02 mm缓释袋上持效期大约有16 d,而在0.06-0.16 mm缓释袋上释放速率比较稳定,持效期可以达到50-60 d。【结论】本文试验结果显示,通过采用不同容积、不同厚度缓释载体以及不同剂量植物挥发物等方式可以达到精确控制释放速率的目的,以满足不同昆虫引诱剂的需求。本文研究结论可为生产上昆虫引诱剂缓释载体的选择提供一定的参考,并为种群监测和害虫防控提供技术支持。

[Objectives]To study the effects of different slow-release carriers on the release rate of plant volatiles,in order to provide technical support for the selection of appropriate release carriers for the research of related insect attractants,so as to achieve the best trapping effect and longer duration.[Methods]The release rate and duration ofα-pinene and cis-3-hexenol in LDPE bottles and LDPE bags with different specifications were measured by weighing method under outdoor conditions.[Results]The release rate test of LDPE bottles showed that there were significant differences in the release rates of plant volatiles between different sizes of LDPE bottles and different doses.The average daily release rate of 15 mL LDPE bottle+15 mLα-pinene within 16 days was the lowest,which was(268.3±70.3)mg·d^(-1),significantly lower than(580.0±119.5)mg·d^(-1)of 100 mL LDPE bottle+15 mLα-pinene and(913.3±133.8)mg·d^(-1)of 100 mL LDPE bottle+50 mLα-pinene.The duration of 100 mL LDPE bottle+15 mLα-pinene combination is about 16 days,while the duration of 15 mL LDPE bottle+15 mLα-pinene combination and 100 mL LDPE bottle+50 mLα-pinene combination can reach more than 50 days.The release rate test of LDPE bag showed that,The average daily release rate of 2 mL cis-3-hexenol in 0.02 mm LDPE bag within 12 days was the highest,which was(110.7±28.0)mg·d^(-1),significantly higher than that of other thickness LDPE bags;The daily average release rate of 2 mL cis-3-hexenol in 0.06,0.08,0.10 and 0.16 mm LDPE bags were(48.3±14.4),(42.0±11.5),(36.3±14.4)and(31.0±7.9)mg·d^(-1),with no significant difference;The duration of 2 mL cis-3-hexenol in 0.02 mm LDPE bag is about 16 days,while the release rate on 0.06-0.16 mm LDPE bags is relatively stable,and the duration can reach 50-60 days.[Conclusion]The test results show that the release rate can be accurately controlled by using different volumes,different thicknesses of slow-release carriers and different doses of plant volatiles to meet the needs of different insect attractants.The conclusion of this study can provide some reference for the selection of slow-release carriers of insect attractants in production,and provide technical support for insect pest monitoring and pest control.