甲型流感病毒基质蛋白2胞外功能区通用疫苗的研究进展

Research progress on influenza A virus matrix protein 2 ectodomain universal vaccine

甲型流感病毒基质蛋白2胞外功能区(matrix protein 2 ectodomain,M2e)通用疫苗的确切保护机制尚未明确,但其能减轻流感症状,抑制病毒的复制、存活和传播.通过使用M2e四聚体通用疫苗、M2e病毒样颗粒疫苗以及M2e多表位通用疫苗联合佐剂等,可提高保护效果,未来具有较大的应用价值.此文通过收集相关文献资料、结合临床实践以及相关动物实验等,综述甲型流感病毒M2e通用疫苗的研究现状、免疫机制及其特点,以期为相关研究提供理论基础.

The exact protection mechanism of the universal vaccine against influenza A virus matrix protein 2 ectodomain(M2e)is not yet clear,but it can reduce influenza symptoms and inhibit virus replication,survival,and transmission.Moreover,the actual protection effect can be improved by using M2e tetrameric universal vaccine,M2e virus-like particle vaccine and M2e multi-epitope universal vaccine combined with adjuvant,which have great value for future application.This paper reviews the research status,immune mechanism,and characteristics of influenza A virus M2e universal vaccines by collecting relevant literature as well as combining with clinical practice and relevant animal experiments,in order to provide a theoretical basis for related research.