甬上证人书院与清代浙东文派的理论生成和创作实践

Yongshang Zhengren Academy and the theoretical formation and creative practice of the Eastern Zhejiang Literature School in the Qing dynasty

甬上证人书院是黄宗羲面向浙东文士讲学的教学平台,也是他由抗清斗争转向学术研究和文学创作的交流平台。黄宗羲通过证人书院讲学和交流,推动了浙东学派的繁荣和兴盛。浙东学派不仅学术成就突出,而且文学思想和文学创作也颇有特色。作为一个文学流派,浙东文派的理论生成和创作实践也与证人书院关系密切。证人书院为浙东文派培养了大量稳定而交流密切的文学人才,即便是讲学活动中止后,依然如此。证人书院的学术导向和文学教育极大地推动了浙东文派重构文学与经史之学的融通,文学思想和创作具有鲜明的“儒者之文”与“文人之文”的中和特色,不仅有力地批判了明“七子”的模拟之文,而且具有强烈的经世观念和主体意识,为清代文风发展开辟了新路径。

Yongshang Zhengren Academy was a teaching platform for Huang Zongxi to give lectures to scholars of eastern Zhejiang and also a communication platform for him to turn from the struggle against the Qing dynasty to academic research and literary creation.Through lectures and exchanges by Huang Zongxi in Zhengren Academy,the Eastern Zhejiang School,with its outstanding academic achievements and its unique features in literary ideology and creation,came to prosper.As a literary school,its theoretical formation and creation practice is closely related to Zhengren Academy,which cultivated a large number of literary talents for the Eastern Zhejiang Literature School,even after the suspension of the lectures.Its academic orientation and literary education promoted the reconstruction of the connection between literature and the study of classics and history in the Eastern Zhejiang Literary School.Its literary ideology and creation had distinctive neutralization characteristics of“Confucian writings”and“literati writings”,which not only strongly criticized the imitation writings of the Seven Scholars of the Ming dynasty but also had a strong sense of statecraft and the subject consciousness,opening up a new path for the literary style in the Qing dynasty.