地方立法的公众参与:功能、困境及其突破

Public participation in local legislation:functions,dilemmas and breakthroughs

地方立法的公众参与是指公众对地方立法机关制定地方性法规、规章表达意见和诉求,进而影响立法结果的活动。它能够促进地方立法的民主性、科学性、合法性和正义性。然而,实践中,地方立法的公众参与在参与主体、参与规则、参与保障机制等方面存有不足,影响了其功能的实现,可以通过塑造具有参与能力的理性参与主体、完善合理的参与规则体系、健全有效的参与保障机制等路径,突破地方立法公众参与功能实现的困境,从而发挥其应有功能。

Public participation in local legislation refers to activities in which the public expresses their opinions and demands on the local legislature in formulating local regulations and rules,thereby influencing the outcome of legislation.It can promote the democracy,scientific nature,legality and justice of local legislation.However,in practice,the public participation of local legislation has deficiencies in terms of participation subjects,participation rules,participation guarantee mechanisms,etc.,which affects the realization of their due functions.Through shaping rational participants with the ability to participate,improving a reasonable participation normative system,and improving effective participation guarantee mechanisms,we can break through the dilemmas of realizing the public participation in local legislation,so as to give play to its due functions.