超临界CO_(2)萃取两种典型品种烟草净油及其致香成分与感官品质对比研究

Comparative study on aroma constituents and sensory quality between two typical varieties of tobacco absolute based on supercritical CO_(2) fluid extraction

选取云南云龙相同年份、部位和等级的红花大金元和K326烤烟烟叶,在相同工艺条件下通过超临界CO_(2)萃取技术制备烟草净油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用法和卷烟感官评价方法分析比较两种烟草净油致香成分及感官品质差异。结果表明:两种烟草净油中鉴定出共有成分47种,相对含量最高的3种依次为烟碱、西柏三烯二醇和新植二烯,K326烟草净油中15种高级脂肪酸及酯类化合物相对含量均较高;红花大金元中叶绿素降解产物、胡萝卜素降解产物和西柏烷类降解产物等10种致香成分的相对含量较高,K326烟草净油中苯丙氨酸类降解产物和棕色化反应产物共7种致香成分相对含量较高;两种烟草净油香气特征均以干草香和清甜香为主,并带有果香和青香,区别为红花大金元烟草净油表现出木香和醇甜香,而K326烟草净油则表现出烘烤香、焦甜香及蜜甜香,红花大金元烟草净油在烟草本香及整体香气质方面均优于K326烟草净油。

In order to study the effects of different tobacco varieties on the prepared tobacco extracts,Honghuadajinyuan and K326 flue-cured tobacco leaves of the same year,position and grade in Yunlong,Yunnan Province were selected.The tobacco absolute was prepared by supercritical CO_(2) fluid extraction technology under the same process conditions.The differences between two tobacco absolutes were analyzed and compared by GC/MS and sensory evaluation in cigarette.The results showed that among the 47 common components identified in the two tobacco absolutes,the top 3 relative contents were nicotine,cibertrienediol and neophydiene.,which all exceeded 10%.Among the total 15 higher fatty acids and their esters in various types of compounds,the relative contents of K326 tobacco were all higher obviously.In terms of important aroma constituents of tobacco,the relative contents of 10 aroma components including chlorophyll,carotene and cembranoids degradation products were higher in honghuadajinyuan tobacco absolute,than in K326 tobacco absolute,while the relative contents of 7 aroma components including phenylalanine degradation products and browning reaction products were higher in K326 tobacco absolute.In the sensory evaluation of cigarette application,the same point of two tobacco absolutes was that they had mainly hay incense and fresh-sweetness aroma,with fruity and green aroma,and the difference was that honghuadajinyuan tobacco absolute could show woody and alcohol-sweetness aroma,while K326 tobacco absolute showed baked,burnt-sweetness and honey sweetness aroma.In terms of virginia tobacco aroma and overall aroma quality,honghuadajinyuan tobacco absolute was relatively better than K326.