医疗损害责任纠纷案件审判实践分析与预防策略

Analysis of trial practice and prevention strategies of medical malpractice liability disputes

目的分析医疗损害责任纠纷判决文书的法律特点,对判决医疗过错问题进行统计分析,为医院管理、质量改善新思路,提出预防医疗纠纷发生策略。方法对中国裁判文书网2021年1月1日—2022年5月31日公布的西南四省医疗损害责任纠纷判决共计166例为研究对象,归纳审判特征及担责过错特点,进行统计分析。结果85.5%案件承担不同程度的赔偿责任,其中48.8%案例承担50%以上的赔偿责任。以外科、内科、妇产科、骨科为主。鉴定过错问题以病历质量缺陷、医疗技术过失、手术操作并发症为主。结论医院管理应通过强化质量管理、教育培训、鼓励不良事件上报等方式构建医疗纠纷风险预警体系,保障患者安全,减少医疗纠纷的发生。

Objective This paper analyzes the legal characteristics of the court verdiccts of medical damage liability disputes,makes statistical analysis on the judgment of medical faults,and puts forward new ideas for hospital management and quality improvement,and proposes forward strategies for preventing medical disputes.Methods A total of 166 cases of medical damage liability disputes in four southwestern provinces from January 1,2021 to May 31,2022,published by China Judgment Document Network,were taken as the research object,and the trial characteristics and fault characteristics were summarized and statistically analyzed.Results 85.5%of the cases bear different degrees of liability,of which 48.8%cases bear more than 50%liability,mainly in surgery,internal medicine,obstetrics and gynecology,orthopedics.The main problems of fault identification are medical record quality defects,medical technical faults and complications of operation.Conclusion Hospital management should build a medical dispute risk early warning system by strengthening quality management,education and training,and encouraging adverse events to be reported,so as to ensure patient safety and reduce the occurrence of medical disputes.