整体护理配合饮食干预对高血压患者血压水平及自我护理能力的影响

The effect of holistic nursing combined with diet intervention on blood pressure level and self-care ability of patients with hypertension

目的探讨整体护理配合饮食干预对高血压患者血压水平及自我护理能力的影响。方法选取2019年1月—2022年5月在我院治疗的高血压患者89例,采用信封法将患者随机分为观察组(n=45)和对照组(n=44),两组均给予降压等治疗,其中对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予整体护理配合饮食干预,观察两组干预前后动态血压、血脂水平、自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)和SF-36量表评分差异。结果观察组干预后24小时收缩压(24 h SBP)、夜间收缩压(dSBP)、白天收缩压(nSBP)、24小时舒张压(24 h DBP)、夜间舒张压(dDBP)和白天舒张压(nDBP)分别为(130.30±9.10)mmHg、(132.21±9.15)mmHg、(117.65±9.14)mmHg、(79.95±9.06)mmHg、(83.00±9.04)mmHg和(72.20±8.05)mmHg,明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别为(3.76±0.97)mmol/L、(1.10±0.24)mmol/L和(2.03±0.78)mmol/L,明显低于对照组(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)为(1.18±0.31)mmol/L,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后ESCA评分危险因素管理、生活习惯管理、饮食运动管理和治疗管理得分分别为(14.00±0.40)分、(23.40±0.98)分、(23.50±0.98)分和(32.50±1.08)分,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后SF-36量表生理机能、精力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康得分分别为(67.67±8.12)分、(67.76±6.22)分、(66.30±7.00)分、(65.58±7.81)分和(68.82±8.04)分,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论整体护理配合饮食干预有助于高血压患者血压控制,提高自我护理能力、改善患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of holistic nursing combined with diet intervention on blood pressure level and self-care ability of patients with hypertension.Methods 89 patients with hypertension who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to May 2022 were selected,and the patients were randomly divided into the observation group(n=45)and the control group(n=44)by envelope method.Both groups were given antihypertensive treatment.The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given holistic nursing with dietary intervention.The differences in scores of ambulatory blood pressure,blood lipid level,self-care ability measurement scale(ESCA)and SF-36 scale before and after the intervention were observed.Results After the intervention,the 24-hour systolic pressure(24h SBP),nighttime systolic pressure(dSBP),daytime systolic pressure(nSBP),24h diastolic pressure(24h DBP),nighttime diastolic pressure(dDBP)and daytime diastolic pressure(nDBP)in the observation group were(130.30±9.10)mmHg,(132.21±9.15)mmHg,(117.65±9.14)mmHg,(79.95±9.06)mmHg,(83.00±9.04)mmHg and(72.20±8.05)mmHg,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the observation group were(3.76±0.97)mmol/L,(1.10±0.24)mmol/L and(2.03±0.78)mmol/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was(1.18±0.31)mmol/L,which was significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of risk factor management,lifestyle management,diet and exercise management and treatment management in the observation group were(14.00±0.40),(23.40±0.98),(23.50±0.98)and(32.50±1.08)respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of physiological function,energy,social function,emotional function and mental health of the SF-36 scale in the observation group were(67.67±8.12),(67.76±6.22),(66.30±7.00),(65.58±7.81)and(68.82±8.04)respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Holistic nursing combined with diet intervention is helpful for hypertension patients to control blood pressure,improve their self-care ability and improve their quality of life.