萧梁中前期的“学谢”之风及其文本样态

Trend of Imitating the Style of Xie Lingyun during the Early and Middle Period of Xiao-Liang Dynasty and the Poetic Style

在萧梁中前期,晋宋体渐有复兴之势,效仿晋宋体代表作家谢灵运成为创作潮流,昭明太子萧统及其所爱赏的刘孝绰、王筠等东宫学士和在建康文士群中有一定地位的何逊等人均有“学谢”之作。然这些作品在抒情特点、语言风格、结构层次等方面和谢灵运之作有所不同。谢诗在梁代中前期被推崇和学习,与当时文学主流审美中崇尚典丽雍容、爱好秀句等倾向密切相关。然而自宋齐以来形成的重视抒情之风、新体诗流畅浅丽的语言风格、梁代之后对文本结构清晰的重视,又使得梁初文士的创作没有对谢灵运的原作亦步亦趋,而是根据时代审美要求对其进行改造。复合的文学审美最终造就了具有多个时代印记的文本样态。

During the early and middle period of the Xiao-Liang Dynasty,Jin-Song literary style was gradually revived,becoming a literary composition trend of imitating the style of Xie Lingyun,a representative writer of the Jin-Song style.Xiao Tong,the Crown Prince,and his admired scholars in the East Palace such as Liu Xiaochuo,Wang Yun and others,and He Xun who had a certain standing among Jiankang scholars all wrote works bearing a resemblance to Xie’s poems.However,these works were different from Xie Lingyun’s in lyrical features,language styles,structural levels,and other aspects.Xie Lingyun’s poems were praised and imitated in the early and middle period of Xiao-Liang Dynasty,which was closely related to the tendency of advocating magnificence and graceful sentences in the mainstream literary aesthetics at that time.However,the emphasis on lyricism,the smooth and elegant style of the new poetry since the Liu-Song Dynasty and the Xiao-Qi Dynasty,and the emphasis on clear structure after the Xiao-Liang Dynasty did not result in the blind imitation of the original works of Xie Lingyun in the creation of the scholars in the early and middle period of the Xiao-Liang Dynasty but in the transformation of their poems according to the aesthetic requirement of the times.The compound literary aesthetics eventually cultivated the poetic style with the imprint lasting for several ages.