守望“双师型”:职业教育教师队伍建设的中国图景

Teachers with Double-typed Qualities:A Chinese Perspective on the Construction of the Vocational Education Teaching Staff

“双师型”教师是一个用来描述职业院校教师的本土原创性概念,通常是指兼具教学能力与技术实践能力的职业院校教师。我国职业教育教师队伍建设整体上呈现出这样一幅图景:一是政府对“双师型”教师队伍建设的顶层政策引导,如“双师型”教师的概念与内涵的政策解释,培养与发展的政策指导,认证与管理的政策规定等。二是学术界对“双师型”教师队伍建设的中层理论建构,如从“教学—技术”两极框架定义“双师型”教师,在具体的语境中阐释“双师型”教师的意义,说明了“双师型”教师的存在样态,分析了“双师型”教师在时空上的限度,创新了“双师型”教师专业发展的理念与路向,提出了“双师型”教师认证的原则与立场等。三是院校对“双师型”教师队伍建设的基层实践探索,这种探索呈现出多样化、全方位与情境性等特征。从整体上看,这幅图景的内在精神实质可以概括为守望“双师型”。

Teacher with double-typed qualities is a locally originated concept used to describe vocational college teachers,usually referring to teachers who possess both teaching and technical skills.The construction of the vocational education teaching staff in China presents the following picture.First,the top-level policy guidance of the government on the construction of teaching staff with double-typed qualities,including policy interpretations of the concept and connotation,policy guidance on training and development,and policy regulations on certification and management.Second,the middle-level theoretical construction by the academic community,such as defining the concept from the teaching-technology bipolar framework,interpreting its meaning in specific contexts,describing its existence state,analyzing its limitations in time and space,innovating its concept and direction of professional development,and proposing principles and positions for its certification.Third,the grass-roots practical exploration of its construction in colleges,which presents characteristics such as diversity,comprehensiveness,and situationality.Overall,the essence of this picture can be summarized as watching over the teachers with double-typed qualities.